Bio Hall review
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11 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 gene | portion of a chromosome that controls the manufacture of a protein. In effect, this usually controls one trait or characteristic of the organism |
| Allele | different forms of the same gene. Most organisms have two alleles of each gene (this is called diploid and is abbreviated 2n) |
| Dominant | an allele that controls the gene, no matter what the other allele is. Dominant alleles are represented by capital letters. |
| Recessive | an allele that cannot control the gene unless no dominant allele is there. Recessive alleles are represented by lower case letters. |
| Homozygous | both alleles are the same in the same gene |
| Heterozygous | the two alleles are different in the same gene |
| Phenotype | description of the physical or perceptible traits of the organism. |
| Genotype | description of the alleles in the genes of the organism. |
| Haploid | a cell that only has one allele of a gene, abbreviated "n" |
| Gamete | a reproductive cell—sperm or pollen, egg or ovum. These are usually haploid |
| Zygote | cell formed by merger of two gametes ("fertilized egg") |
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