Child Psychology con't 5
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33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Neuron | nerve cell, consisting of a cell body, axon, and dendrites. Transmits activity from one part of the nervous system to another |
| Dendrite | receives activity from cells and conducts that activity to the cell body |
| Axon | conducts activity from cell |
| Myelin | fatty layer that protects axon |
| Synapses | small space b/t neurons that communicate neural activity from one cell to another |
| Neurotransmitter | chemical that transmits electrical activity |
| Glial cells | support and nourish neurons |
| Brain Stem | maintains balance and coordination |
| Midbrain | relay station and control area for breathing and swallowing, also auditory and visual systems |
| Cerebrum | both hemispheres of brain |
| Cerebral cortex | thin sheet of gray matter that covers the brain |
| Plasticity | capacity of brain to be affected by experience as it develops |
| Experience-expectant processes | preservation of important synaptic connections early in development through exposure to experiences in the expectable environment |
| Experience-dependent processes | creation of new synaptic connections through exposure to experiences specific to the individual |
| Functional imaging techniques | ways to measure brain activity associated w/behavior |
| Secular trend | physical changes over time |
| Maturation | physical maturity |
| Skeletal maturity (bone age) | maturity according to bone density |
| Chronological age | years alive |
| Catch-up growth | growth after delay |
| Puberty | chemical and physical changes in the body to enable sexual reproduction |
| Primary sexual characteristics | changes in reproductive organs |
| Secondary sexual characteristics | (observable) physical changes |
| Health | state of complete physical, mental, and social well being |
| Infant mortality rate | number of deaths in first year of life |
| Malnutrition | deficit of one or more essential nutrients |
| Rapid eye movement sleep (REM) | light sleep, characterized by rapid moving eyes behind closed lids; dreaming occurs |
| Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) | unexpected death of healthy infant under age 1 |
| Obesity | excess fat storage above 95% |
| Body mass index | measure of a persons weight in relation to height |
| Anorexia | starvation |
| Bulimia | binge-purge |
| Binge-eating | uncontrolled eating |
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