| Term | Definition |
| ecology | the branch of biology concerned with the relations between organisms and their environment |
| environmental science | the branch of biology concerned with the relations between organisms and their environment |
| biodegradable | capable of being decomposed by e.g. bacteria |
| mass extinctions | periods when many species of organisms died out at the same time |
| biodiversity | the diversity of plant and animal life in a particular habitat (or in the world as a whole) |
| non-biodegradable | cannot be broken down by natural processes |
| pollution | undesirable state of the natural environment being contaminated with harmful substances as a consequence of human activities |
| depleted | having resources completely depleted |
| nonrenewable | that can not be renewed |
| renewable | capable of being renewed |
| natural resource | resources (actual and potential) supplied by nature |
| agriculture | the class of people engaged in growing food |
| industrial revolution | the transformation from an agricultural to an industrial nation |