Science Review terms
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Created by:
purplepolkadot222 on December 15, 2010
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Hey ummm these are just the terms/definitions from the review!
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38 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Atom | smallest stable unit in Creation |
| Molecule | 2 or more atoms linked together to make a substance with unique properties |
| Concentration | the quantity of a substance within a certain volume of space |
| Humidity | the moisture content of air |
| Relative humidity | a quantity expressing humidity as a percentage of the maximum absolute humidity for that particular temp |
| Greenhouse effect | the process by which certain gases trap heat that would otherwise escape the earth and radiate into space |
| Parts per million | referring to concentrations, it is the # of molecules of a substance in a mixture for every one million molecules in that mixture |
| Atmosphere | the mass of air surrounding a planet |
| Heterosphere | the upper layer of earth's atmosphere which exists higher than 80 km |
| Troposphere | the region of the atmosphere where weather occurs that extends from ground level to 11 km above sea level |
| Stratosphere | the region of the atmosphere where jet streams are found that spans 11 km to 48 km |
| Jet streams | Narrow bands of high speed winds that circle the earth, blowing from west to east |
| Temperature | a measure of the energy of motion in a substance's molecules |
| Electrolysis | using electriciy to break a molecule down into its constituent elements |
| Solvent | a liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances |
| Solute | a substance that is dissolved in a solvent |
| Cohesion | when individual molecules stay together due to a strong molecular attraction |
| Hard water | water which contains Ca ions |
| Soft water | water which has had Na added to it to break up the Ca ions |
| Atomic number | represents # of protons in nucleus, electrons outside nucleus in shells |
| Atomic mass unit | represents sum of protons and neutrons in nucleus of the atom |
| Proton | the positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom |
| Electron | the negatively charged particle surrounding the nucleus of an atom |
| Neutron | the particle of the atom which has no net electrical charge and is located in the nucleus |
| Electron cloud | negatively charged field outside the nucleus of an atom which is made up of shells |
| Hydrosphere | the mass of water on a planet |
| Transpiration | emission of water vapor from plants |
| Condensation | the process by which water vapor turns into liquid water |
| Precipitation | water falling from the atmosphere as rain, snow, sleet, or hail |
| Distillation | evaporation and condensation of a mixture to separate out the mixture's individual contents |
| Water table | the imaginary line between the water-saturated soil and the dry soil |
| Groundwater | the largest source of liquid freshwater below ground |
| Percolation | the process by which water passes from above the water table to below it |
| Earthquake | vibration of the earth that results either from volcanic activity or rock masses suddenly moving along a fault |
| Discontinuity | an area of change between one layer of the earth and another layer |
| Mohorovicic discontinuity | discovered by Croation scientist Andrija Mohorovicic, marks the boundary of change between crust and mantle |
| Gutenberg discontinuity | discovered by seismic studies of german geoligist Beno Gutenberg, marks boundary of change between mantle and core |
| Lehmann discontinuity | discovered by seismic studies of danish scientist Inge Lehmann, marks boundary of change between outer core and inner core |
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