AP Government
About this set
Created by:
Sarah12121212 on December 15, 2010
Subjects:
the congress, the president and the budget: the politics of taxing and spending
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Appropriations bill | bill passed annually to fund an authorized program. |
| Authorization bill | an act of Congress that establishes a discretionary government program or an entitlement, or that continues or changes such programs. |
| Budget | A policy document allocating burdens (taxes) and benefits (expenditure). Public budgets are the supreme example of Harold Lasswell's definition of politics as "who gets what, when, and how." |
| Budget resolution | a bill setting limits on expenditures based on revenue projections, agreed to by both houses of Congress in April each year. |
| Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 | an act designed to reform the budgeting process by making Congress less dependent on the president's budget; established a fixed budget calendar and a budget committee in each house. |
| Congressional Budget Office (CBO) | research agency of Congress, responsible to it for providing analyses of budget proposals, revenue forecasts, and related information. |
| Continuing resolutions | laws that allow agencies to spend at the previous year's level. |
| Deficit | occurs when government spends more money than it receives in taxes in the fiscal year. |
| Delegation of Powers | The empowering of one to act for another. This is clearly necessary in order for the Chief executive to properly run/oversee government operations. This commonly occurs in circumstances where agencies are given broad powers to enforce. |
| Divided Government | A government in which one party controls the White House and another party controls one or both houses of Congress |
| Entitlements | expenditures for which the total amount spent is not by congressional appropriation, but rather by rules of eligibility established by Congress. |
| Expenditures | money spent by the government in any one year. |
| Federal debt | all of the money borrowed by the government over the years that is still outstanding. |
| Gridlock | The inability of the government to move forward on the basis of divided government. |
| House Ways and Means Committee | responsible for originating all revenue bills. |
| Income tax | the portion of money individuals are required to pay to the government from the money they earned. |
| Incrementalism | the best predictor of this year's budget is last year's budget plus a little bit more. |
| Legislative Liaison Staff | The part of the White House staff that coordinates executive branch communications with the legislature (Congress). This office is critical to insuring that the President's legislative proposals are carried out. |
| Mandate | A command, indicated by the electorate's votes for elected officials to carry out their platforms. |
| Medicare | in 1965, this program was added to Social Security to provide hospital and physician coverage to the elderly. |
| Reconciliation | revisions of program authorizations to make the final budget meet the limits of the budget resolution, usually occurring toward the end of the budgetary process. |
| Revenues | money received by the government in any given year. |
| Senate Finance Committee | responsible for writing the tax code. |
| Sixteenth Amendment | passed in 1913, permits Congress to levy an income tax. |
| Social Security Act | passed to provide a minimal level of sustenance to older Americans. |
| Tax expenditures | revenue losses due to special exemptions, exclusions, and deductions. |
| Uncontrollable expenditures | result from policies that make some group automatically eligible for benefits. |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.