Chap. 1 Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology Part 2
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Created by:
phoenix180 on December 17, 2010
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contains section 1.8
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96 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 anatomical position | standing erect; the face is forward; and the upper limbs are at the sides, with the palms forward |
| superior | relative position; means a part is above another part |
| inferior | relative position; means a part is below another part, or toward the feet |
| anterior | relative position; also called ventral; means towards the front |
| posterior | relative position; also called dorsal; means toward the back |
| medial | relative position; refers to an imaginary midline dividing the body into equal right and left halves and if it is closer to midline than another part |
| lateral | relative position; means toward the side with respect to the imaginary midline |
| bilateral | relative position; refers to paired structures, one on each side |
| ipsilateral | relative position; refers to structures on the same side |
| contralateral | relative position; refers to structures on the opposite side |
| proximal | relative position; describes a part closer to the trunk of the body or closer to another specified point of reference than another part |
| distal | relative position; the opposite of proximal; it means a particular body part is farther from the trunk or farther from another specified point of reference than another part |
| superficial | relative position; means near the surface |
| peripheral | relative position; also means outward or near the surface; describes the location of certain blood vessels and nerves |
| deep | relative position; describes more internal parts |
| sagittal | body section or cut; refers to a lengthwise cut that divides the body into right and left portions |
| median | body section or cut; also called midsagittal; a sagittal section that passes along the midline and divides the body into equal parts |
| transverse | body section or cut; also called horizontal; refers to a cut that divides into superior and inferior portions |
| frontal | body section or cut; also called coronal; refers to a section that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions |
| epigastric region | body region; the upper middle portion |
| hypochondriac regions | body region; on the left and right side of the epigastric region |
| umbilical region | body region; the central portion |
| lumbar regions | body region; on the left and right side of the umbilical region |
| hypogastric region | body region; the lower middle portion |
| iliac regions | body region; also called inguinal; on the left and right side of the hypogastric region |
| abdominal | region between the thorax and pelvis |
| acromial | point of the shoulder |
| antebrachial | forearm |
| antecubital | space in front of the elbow |
| axillary | armpit |
| brachial | arm |
| buccal | cheek |
| carpal | wrist |
| celiac | abdomen |
| cephalic | head |
| cervical | neck |
| costal | ribs |
| coxal | hip |
| crural | leg |
| cubital | elbow |
| digital | finger or toe |
| dorsum | back |
| femoral | thigh |
| frontal | forehead |
| genital | reproductive organs |
| gluteal | buttocks |
| inguinal | depressed area of the abdominal wall near the thigh (groin) |
| lumbar | region of the lower back between the ribs and the pelvis (loin) |
| mammary | breast |
| mental | chin |
| nasal | nose |
| occipital | lower posterior region of the head |
| oral | mouth |
| orbital | eye cavity |
| otic | ear |
| palmar | palm of the hand |
| patellar | front of the knee |
| pectoral | chest |
| pedal | foot |
| pelvic | pelvis |
| perineal | region between the anus and the external reproductive organs |
| plantar | sole of the foot |
| popliteal | area behind the knee |
| sacral | posterior region between the hipbones |
| sternal | middle of the thorax, anteriorly |
| sural | calf of the leg |
| tarsal | instep of the foot (ankle) |
| umbilical | navel |
| vertebral | spinal column |
| cardiology | branch of medical science dealing with the heart and heart diseases |
| dermatology | study of skin and its diseases |
| endocrinology | study of hormones, hormone-secreting glands, and associated diseases |
| epidemiology | study of the factors that contribute to determining the distribution and frequency of health-related conditions within a defined human population |
| gastroenterology | study of the stomach and intestines, as well of their diseases |
| geriatrics | branch of medicine dealing with older individuals and their medical problems |
| gerontology | study of the process of aging and the various problems of older individuals |
| gynecology | study of the female reproductive system and its diseases |
| hematology | study of blood and blood diseases |
| histology | study of the structure and function of tissues (microscopic anatomy) |
| immunology | study of the body's resistance to disease |
| neonatology | study of newborns and the treatment of their disorders |
| nephrology | study of the structure, function, and diseases of the kidneys |
| neurology | study of the nervous system in health and disease |
| obstetrics | branch of medicine dealing with pregnancy and childbirth |
| oncology | study of cancers |
| ophthalmology | study of the eye and eye diseases |
| orthopedics | branch of medicine dealing with the muscular and skeletal systems and their problems |
| otolaryngology | study of the ear, throat, larynx, and their diseases |
| pathology | study of structural and functional changes within the body associated with disease |
| pediatrics | branch of medicine dealing with children and their diseases |
| pharmacology | study of drugs and their uses in the treatment of diseases |
| podiatry | study of the care and treatment of the feet |
| psychiatry | branch of medicine dealing with the mind and its disorders |
| radiology | study of X rays and radioactive substances, as well as their uses in diagnosing and treating diseases |
| toxicology | study of poisonous substances and their effects on physiology |
| urology | branch of medicine dealing with the urinary and male reproductive systems and their diseases |
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