Enzymes, Photosynthesis, and Respiration
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31 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Why do all organisms need energy? | to grow, reproduce, move, and carry out fundamental maintenance and repairs |
| What are the various forms of energy? | heat, light, electricity, chemical, and motion |
| Where is energy stored? | in chemical bonds between molecules |
| What is the usable energy molecule? | ATP |
| What types of cells does cellular respiration happen in? | All |
| What is cellular respiration? | The process in which organisms break down glucose molecules and release energy |
| What is the equation for cellular respiration? | C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (ATP) |
| What is glycolysis? | splitting sugar molecules |
| Where does glycolysis happen? | cytoplasm |
| How much energy do you get from glycolysis? | 2 ATP |
| What is the main difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? | aerobic requires oxygen and anaerobic doesn't |
| Where does aerobic respiration happen? | mitochondria |
| Where does anaerobic respiration happen? | cytoplasm |
| What are the 2 types of fermentation? | alcoholic and lactic acid |
| What types of organisms go through alcoholic fermentation? | some types of bacteria (yeast) |
| What types of organisms go through lactic acid fermentation? | bacteria, muscle cells |
| What is photosynthesis? | The action of transforming sunlight energy (radiation) into chemical energy in food |
| Equation for photosynthesis? | 6CO2 + 6H2O + Radiation Energy --> C6H12O6 + 6O2 |
| Where does photosynthesis happen? | chloroplasts |
| What color light do chloroplasts absorb? | red and blue only |
| What is photosynthesis affected by? | light intensity, level of carbon dioxide, temp, color of light |
| What group of macromolecules do enzymes belong to? | proteins |
| The common suffix for enzymes? | -ase |
| What is amylase? | enzyme found in saliva breaks down starch to monosaccharides |
| What is pepsin? | stomach enzyme used to break proteins down to amino acids |
| What is the active site? | where substrate bonds to enzyme |
| What is a substrate? | whatever the enzyme acts upon |
| What is activation energy? | amount of energy needed to get a reaction started |
| What are enzymes affected by? | enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, pH temperature |
| What is the result of a chemical reaction? | bonds break and you get energy |
| Through what process are the bonds broken? | hydrolysis |
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