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patriarchal woman a woman who has internalized the norms and values of patriarchy patriarchy any culture that privileges men by promoting traditional gender roles traditional gender roles cast men as rational, strong, protective, and decisive; cast woman as emotional (irrational), weak, nurturing, and submissive sexist promoting the belief that woman are innately inferior to men biological essentialism inborn inferiority of women hysteria psychological disorders deemed peculiar to woman and characterized by overemotional, extremely irrational behavior sex biological constitution as feminine or masculine gender cultural programming as feminine or masculine social constructionism gender categories are constructed by society objectifies treating women like objects subjectivity one's own selfhood; the way one views oneself and others ,which develops from one's own individual experiences materialistic feminism the social and economic oppression of women psychoanalytic feminism women's psychological experience sexage oppression due to direct physical appropriation (reduction of women to the state of material objects) - (the appropriation of women's time, bodies, sexual obligation, and obligation to care for whichever members of the family can't care for themselves as well as for healthy male family members) sexual difference the essential, or inborn, differences between women and men patriarchal binary thought seeing the world in terms of polar opposites, one of which is considered superior to the other écriture féminine feminine writing that undermines or eliminates the patriarchal binary thinking that oppresses and silences women the male gaze the man looks, the woman is looked at womanspeak language in women-only groups that is necessary for the development of nonpatriarchal ways of thinking and speaking essentializes posits essential - inborn, biological - characteristics semiotic the part of language that consists of such elements as intonation (sound, tone of voice, volume, and musicality); rhythm; and the body language that occurs as we speak, which reveals our feelings and bodily drives sisterhood psychological and political bonding among women based on the recognition of common experiences and goals intersexual (intersexed) having some combination of male and female reproductive organs, genitals, chromosomal and/or hormonal makeup gendering raising a child to confirm his or her traditional gender role both socially and psychologically questioning the theoretical progress that has given such concepts such as gender identity, androgyny, and the category of sex / gender gender identity implies that one's gender may not match one's biological sex cross-dresser one who adopts the attire of the opposite sex but who behaves in a manner associated with one's biological sex transvestite one who adopts both the attire and the behavior of the opposite sex, usually in an exaggerated manner misogyny hatred of women gynophobia fear and loathing of women as sexual and reproductive beings