Chapter 7 Test 3
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Brownian motion | substances are dissolved in water and move in a random motion |
| Diffusion | the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| Dynamic Equalibrium | material moving out of cell equals material moving into cell |
| Osmosis | diffusion of water |
| Osmotic Balance | water moving out of cell equals water moving into cell |
| Passive Transport | particles move from an area of high concentration to low concentration. No cellular energy is required. |
| diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion | 3 examples of Passive Transport |
| temperature, concentration, pressure | 3 factors that effect Passive Transport |
| Facilitated Diffusion | uses transport proteins to move ions and small molecules across the plasma membrane |
| channel protein, carrier protein | 2 proteins in facilitated diffusion |
| Channel Protein | protein that forms a tunnel to allow a particular molecule or ion to cross the plasma membrane |
| Carrier Protein | transport protein that holds onto passengers and change conformation to shuttle them across membrane |
| Diffusion of Water | important to maintain homeostasis |
| Solvent | a substance that dissolves another substance |
| Solute | the substance that is dissolved in the solvent |
| Hypotonic | describes a solution whose solute concentration is lower than the solute concentration inside a cell |
| Hypertonic | describes a solution whose solute concentration is higher than the solute concentration inside a cell |
| Isotonic | (used of solutions) having the same or equal osmotic pressure |
| Plasmolysis | collapse of a walled cell's cytoplasm due to a lack of water |
| Lysis | breakdown of cell |
| Active Transport | transport of a substance across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient. Cellular energy is required. |
| Pumps | carrier proteins in active transport |
| Sodium/Potassium ATPase Pump | in animals cells, controls Sodium/Potssium (Na/K) levels inside vs. outside cell |
| 2 K+ in, 3 Na+ out | What does a pump transport in and out? |
| Endocytosis | the cell surrounds a substance and encloses the substance in part of the plasma membrane |
| Exocytosis | the secretion of large materials |
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