Muscle IV
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32 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 pennate muscles | muscle fibers are oriented at an angle or multiple angles relative to force-generating axis |
| unipennate | muscle all at one degree of pennation; e.g. soleus |
| biopenneation | muscle has two degrees of pennation; e.g. rectus femoris |
| multipenate | muscle has many degrees of pennation; e.g. deltoid |
| non-pennated | fast contractions: pennated or non-pennated |
| pennated | more fibers packed in given volume |
| pennated | force of contraction is lost in... |
| pennated | over-all muscle force is greater (non-pennated/ pennated) |
| pennated | greater cross sectional area (pennated/ non-pennated) |
| isometric | type of contraction w/o change in muscle length or joint angle |
| isotonic | dynamic contraction, movement |
| concentric action | muscle lenght is shortened as muscle contracts |
| eccentric action | muscle lengthens as muscle contracts |
| tetanus | stimulate muscle many times at a fast rate until force reaches a plateau |
| frontal plane | imaginary plane that bisects a person front to back (like looking in mirror) |
| sagittal plane | imaginary plane that bisects a person from left side to right side |
| horizontal plane | imaginary plane bisecting person from top and bottom - z axis goes into person (3D) |
| flexors | muscles that cause two segments to move close to each other at a given joint in a sagittal plane |
| extensors | muscles that cause two segmetns to move awa from each other at a given joint of a sagittal plane |
| fast twitch (type II) | at a given speed of action, which fibers produce greater force |
| power = force x speed | general equation relating speed, power, force |
| fast fatigable | type of MU with high twitch tension, high fatigue index |
| fast fatigue resistant | type of MU w/ intermediate twitch tension, intermediate fatigue index |
| slow | type of MU w/ low twitch tension and fatigue index |
| anterior deltoid | shoulder flexors |
| posterior deltoid | shoulder extensors |
| bicep | elbow flexors |
| triceps | elbow extensors |
| iliopsoas | hip flexors |
| gluteal muscles | hip extensors |
| hamstring muscles | knee flexors |
| quadriceps | knee extensors |
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