Body systems 3 quiz
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134 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 adenoids | small masses of lymphatic tissue in the throat close to the nasal passageways |
| alveoli and bronchioles | pulmonary parenchyma (essencial parts of the lungs responsible for respiration) |
| aneurysm | local widening (dilation) of an arterial wall |
| angina | Chest pain |
| anosmia | loss of the sense of smell |
| anthracosis | abnormal condition of coal dust in the lungs |
| aorta | largest artery in the body |
| apex | tip or uppermost portion of the lung |
| arm | brachi/o |
| armpit | axill/o |
| arrhythmias | problems with the conduction or electrical system of the heart (irregular heartbeat) |
| arterial anastomosis | surgical connection of two arteries |
| arteriosclerosis | hardening of the artery |
| asbestosis | Interstitial pneumonitis - from asbestos exposure |
| asthma | chronic inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction cased by bronchial edema, bronchoconstriction and increased mucus production |
| atelectasis | collapsed lung |
| atherectomy | removal of yellowish plaque from artery |
| auscultation | listening for sounds in blood vessels or other body structures typically using stethoscope |
| beta blockers | drug used to treat angina hypertension, and arrhythmias, they block the action of epinephrine, slowing the heart beat |
| brachial artery | Artery that carries blood to the arm |
| bronchi | branch of the trachea (windpipe) that is passageway into the lungs |
| bronchial alveolar lavage | irrigation or washing of a bronchus by injecting fluid through a bronchoscope and then removing to analyze the contents |
| bronchiectasis | chronic dilation of a bronchus secondary to infection in the lower lobes of the lung |
| bronchiolitis | acute viral infection occurring in infants younger than 18 months (inflammation of the bronchioles) |
| bronchodilator | drug that causes dilation or enlargement of the opening of the bronchus to improve ventilation of the lungs |
| bronchogenic carcinoma | cancerous tumor originating in a bronchus - lung cancer |
| bundle of his | atrioventricular bundle |
| capillary | smallest blood vessel |
| cardiac arrhythmia | fibrillation |
| cardiomegaly | enlargement of the heart |
| cardiomyopathy | disease of the heart muscle |
| chronic bronchitis | inflammation of the bronchi persisting over a long time |
| CK, LD and AST | enzymes |
| claudication | pain tension and weakness in a leg (lower extremities) after walking has begun but absence of pain at rest |
| congestive heart failure | heart is unable to pump its regular amount of blood |
| coronary arteries | branches of the aorta bringing oxygen rich blood to the heart muscle |
| coronary | pertaining to the heart |
| croup | characterized by strider, barking cough, and obstruction of the larynx |
| cyanosis | abnormal condition of blueness of the skin, caused by decreased oxygen and increased carbon dioxide in blood |
| cystic fibrosis | an inherited disease that causes thick, sticky mucus to build up in the lungs and digestive tract. |
| deep vein thrombosis | blood clots form in a large vein usually in the leg |
| diaphragm | muscular wall separating the chest and abdomen |
| diastole | relaxation phase of the heartbeat |
| digoxin | drug that increases the strength and regularity of the heartbeat |
| DPT | diptheria, pertussis, tetanus - toxoids for vaccination of infants to provide immunity to these diseases (P stands for pertussis) |
| dysphonia | abnormal voice or sound produced by speaking |
| dyspnea | difficult breathing |
| ECHO | echocardiography - echoes generated by high frequency sound waves produce images of the heart |
| emboli | clot or other substance that travels to a distant location suddenly blocks a blood vessel (plural of embolus) |
| embolus | clot or other substance that travels to a distant location suddenly blocks a blood vessel |
| emphysema | hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls |
| endarterectomy | surgical removal of plaque from the inner layer of the artery |
| endocarditis | inflammation of the inner lining of the heart caused by bacteria |
| epiglottitis | inflammation of the flap that covers the trachea during swallowing so that food does not enter the lungs (epiglottis) |
| epistaxis | nosebleed |
| essential hypertension | high blood pressure due to no apparent cause (idiopathic) |
| expectoration | coughing up mucus or sputum from the throat and respiratory tract |
| fibrillation | random, rapid, inefficient, irregular, contractions of the atria or ventricles (cardiac arrhythmia) |
| glottis | slit-like opening to the larynx |
| hemoptysis | spitting or caughing up of blood as result of bleeding from any part of the respiratory tract |
| hemorrhoids | swollen twisted varicose veins in the rectal region |
| hilum of the lung | midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs |
| holter monitor | compact version of a electrocardiograph worn during a 24 hour period to monitor heart and to detect cardiac arrhythmia |
| hydrothorax | water or fluid that accumulates in the pleural space surrounding the lungs |
| hypercapnia | increased level of carbon dioxide in the blood stream |
| hypercholesterolemia | high levels of cholesterol in the blood stream |
| hypoxemia | deficiency of oxygen in the blood |
| hypoxia | deficiency of oxygen in tissue |
| idiopathic | pertaining to unknown cause of disease, essential hypertension for example |
| inspiration | act of breathing in or inhalation |
| interatrial septum | separates the right and left atrium |
| ischemia | condition of holding back blood from an organ or tissue |
| laryng/o | larynx (voice box) |
| laryngeal | pertaining to the larynx (voice box) |
| laryngectomy | removal of the larynx |
| laryngoscopy | endoscopic visual examination of the larynx |
| larynx | laryng/o - voice box |
| lobe of the lung | division of the lung |
| located between the left upper and lower chambers of the heart | mitral valve |
| mediastinum | part of the thoracic cavity between the lungs |
| mesothilioma | rare malignant tumor arising in the pleura; associated with asbestos exposure |
| mitral valve prolapse | abnormal closure of the mitral valve |
| mitral valvulitis | inflammation of the mitral valve |
| murmur | extra sound heard between normal beats during auscultation of the heart |
| nares | passageway through the nose caring air into the nasal cavities |
| occlusion | blockage or obstruction |
| orthopnea | breathing is only comfortable when a patient is in a upright position |
| osmia | smell |
| oxygen | ox/o |
| palatine tonsil | one of a pair of almond shaped masses of lymphatic tissue at the back of the mouth |
| palpitations | uncomfortable sensations in the chest related to cardiac arrhythmias such as skipped beats |
| paranasal sinus | one of a pair of air cavities in the bones near the nose |
| paroxysmal | pertaining to sudden occurrence |
| patent | open |
| patent ductus arteriosus | a small duct that is open during fetal circullation fails to close at birth |
| percussion | tapping on the surface to determine the underlying structure |
| pericardiocentesis | surgical puncture to remove fluid within the pericardial space surrounding the heart |
| pertussis | whooping cough; bacterial infection of the throat, larynx and trachea |
| petechiae | small pinpoint hemorrhages in the skin |
| pharyng/o | pharynx (throat) |
| pharyngeal | pertaining to the pharynx |
| pharynx | pharyng/o - the throat |
| phlebitis | inflammation of a vein |
| phlebotomy | incision of a vein for the removal of blood |
| phren/o | diaphragm |
| pleural effusion | collection of fluid in the pleural cavity |
| pleuritis | inflammation of the pleural cavity |
| pneumonectomy | removal of a lung |
| pulmonary abscess | collection of puss in the lungs |
| pulmonary artery | blood vessel carrying oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs |
| pulmonary edema | collection of fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles of the lungs |
| pulmonary parenchyma | essencial parts of the lungs responsible for respiration; bronchioles and alveloi |
| purulent | puss filled |
| pyothorax | puss collection in the pleural cavity |
| Raynaud phenomenon | Recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes |
| rhinoplasty | surgical repair of the nose |
| sinoatrial node | sensitive nervous tissue in the wall of the right atrium; pacemaker of the heart |
| sphygmomanometer | instrument to measure blood pressure |
| spirometer | instrument to measure breathing |
| strider | strained high pitched noisy breathing associated with obstruction of the larynx or trachea |
| systole | contraction phase of the heartbeat |
| tachycardia | rapid heartbeat |
| tetralogy of fallot | four separate defects of the heart occurring at birth |
| thoracentesis | surgical puncture to remove fluid from the chest |
| thoracotomy | incision of the chest |
| thrombolysis | destruction of a clot |
| tracheostomy | new opening of the trachea to the outside of the body |
| tracheotomy | incision of the trachea |
| tuberculosis | infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, lungs are usually involved but any organ can be affected. Bacilli invade the lungs, producing small tubercles of infection |
| valvuloplasty | surgical repair of a valve |
| vasodilation | widening of a blood vessel |
| vena cava | largest vein in the body, returns blood to the heart from the body tissue |
| wheezes | continuous high pitched whistling sound heard when air is forced through a narrow space during inspiration and expiration |
| yellowish plaque | ather/o |
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