Friday 12/24/10
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What is the minimum amount of time required for major depression? | 2 weeks! |
| most common presentatin of sickle cell trait? | Painless hematuria. They have concentrations of hemoglobin S of 35-40% |
| Zenker's diverticulum | outpouching just above the upper esophageal sphincter causing motility incoordination between esophageal and pharyngeal contractions. Diagnose with barium swallow Surgical treatment is excision and often crichopharyngeal myotomy. |
| What does a benadryl overdose look like? | Anticholinergic excess (opposite of organophosphate) so have to give physostigmine -organophosphates everything opens up: watery eyes, diarrhea, etc. (including increase in Ach). Give Atropine! |
| Metoloclopramide OD | get hyperkinetic bowels from dopamine excess (can give benadryl, benztropine) |
| Pig farmers at risk for what? Sheep farmers for what? | Pigs - neurocysticercosis Sheep/dogs - echinococcosis |
| Effect on QT of beta blocker? Quinidine? | Beta blockers shortens QT, quinidine prolongs it. |
| Antibiotics for a pregnant UTI? | amoxicillin, nitrofurantoin or cephalosporin (get the NAC for it) |
| What do you need to add to vanc and ceftriaxone for meningitis in the elderly? | Ampicillin for listeria |
| Treatment for meningitis in a hospitalized patient? | Ceftaz and vanc (cover pseudomonas) |
| What do you do with perceived vulvar lichen sclerosis? | Punch biopsy to rule out SCC and then give steroids |
| When to start home O2 for COPD? | nocturnal hypoxia, PaO2 < 55 or Sat < 88%, evidence of Cor pulmonale |
| First test for bright red blood per rectum in young otherwise low risk patient? | Anoscopy or proctoscopy |
| Best drug for acute symptom relief (resp difficulty) in heart failure? | Nitro |
| What do you think of with nose bleeds and telangiectasias? | Osler-weber-rendu syndrome (AV malformations, especially pulmonary) |
| What aspect of hypothroidism leads to joint and neuro changes? | matrix deposition |
| Central retinal artery occlusion vs retinal emboli | same symptoms of unilateral sudden vision loss but central retinal artery occlusion is whitened edematous retina where retinal emboli are cherry red fovea with pallor of the disc |
| What does leprosy look like on exam? | insensate hypopigented macule and muscle atrophy (acid fast) |
| Are visual symptoms associated with pseudotumor cerebri or Normo-pressure hydrocephalus? | Pseudotumor cerebri (NPH is associated with urinary incontinece) |
| Guthrie test | a color test to screen for PKU |
| Electrolyte abnormalities of Cushings? | Increased aldosterone (mineralocorticoid affects of cortisol) causes hypernatremia and hypokalemia |
| Best initial test for esophageal rupture? | Gastrografin contrast esophagram. Give antibiotics and surgical repair! (gastrografin is water soluble so it does not cause as much mediastinal inflammation as barium) |
| Language centers are where? | Dominant frontal lobe for brocas Temporal lobe for wernikes (motor is largely frontal, sensory is largely parietal) |
| Previa and abruption vs vasa previa? | vasa previa is cord bleeding so you get sinuidal fetal heart changes and baby is doing poorly |
| Syncope preceded by nausea, warm feeling, sweating, tachycardia or pallor are caused by what? | Neurocardiogenic syncope causing increased vagal tone |
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