6 Written Questions

1. Holes where magma comes to the earth's surface.
2. the numeric age of an object or event, often stated in years before the present, as established by an absolute-dating process, such as radiometric dating
3. a small, steeply sloped volcano that forms from moderately explosive eruptions of pyroclastic material
4. a slab of volcanic rock formed when magma forces itself across rock layers
5. an area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust above it
6. volcano built by alternating explosive and quiet eruptions that produce layers of tephra and lava; found mostly where Earth's plates come together and one plate sinks below the other

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. a fissure in the earth's crust (or in the surface of some other planet) through which molten lava and gases erupt
   1. volcano
   2. lava
   3. magma
   4. fossils
2. The geologic principle that states that in horizontal layers of undisturbed sedimentary rock, each layer is older than the layer above it and younger than the layer below it.
   1. radioactive dating
   2. law of superposition
   3. carbon dating
   4. hot spot
3. Fossils of widely distributed organisms that lived during only one short period that are used to compare the relative ages of rock layers
   1. index fossils
   2. vents
   3. cinder volcano
   4. fossils
4. technique in which scientists calculate the age of a sample based on the amount of remaining radioactive isotopes it contains; also called radiometric dating
   1. carbon dating
   2. absolute age
   3. radioactive dating
   4. relative age
5. a chemical analysis used to determine the age of organic materials based on their content of the radioisotope carbon-14 (can only be used on things that were once alive)
   1. carbon dating
   2. volcano
   3. lava
   4. radioactive dating

5 True/False Questions

1. fossils → the perserved trace, imprint, or remains of a plant or animal

   True        False

2. lava → molten rock beneath the earth's surface

   True        False

3. magma → magma that reaches Earth's surface

   True        False

4. shield volcano → a small, steeply sloped volcano that forms from moderately explosive eruptions of pyroclastic material

   True        False

5. relative age → the numeric age of an object or event, often stated in years before the present, as established by an absolute-dating process, such as radiometric dating

   True        False