5 Written Questions

1. type of RNA that makes up the major part of ribosomes
2. principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine
3. decoding of mRNA message into a polypeptide chain
4. three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid
5. globular protein molecule around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin

5 Matching Questions

1. point mutation
2. DNA polymerase
3. hox gene
4. transfer RNA
5. mutation

1. a type of RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis
2. b series of genes that controls the organs and tissues that develop in various parts of an embryo
3. c mutation that affects a single nucleotide, usually by substituting one nucleotide for another
4. d change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information
5. e enzyme that "proofreads" new DNA strands, helping to ensure that each molecule is a nearly perfect copy of the original DNA

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins
   1. chromatin
   2. mutation
   3. codon
   4. promoter
2. group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to an mRNA codon
   1. intron
   2. mutation
   3. anticodon
   4. codon
3. region of chromosome in an operon to which the repressor binds when the operon is "turned off"
   1. mutation
   2. operator
   3. operon
   4. promoter
4. mutation that shifts the "reading" frame of the genetic message by inserting or deleting a nucleotide
   1. replication
   2. point mutation
   3. transformation
   4. frameshift mutation
5. monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
   1. nucleotide
   2. histone
   3. mutation
   4. codon

5 True/False Questions

1. operon → group of genes operating together

   True        False

2. promoter → region of the DNA that indicates to an enzyme where to bind to make RNA

   True        False

3. intron → group of genes operating together

   True        False

4. RNA polymerase → enzyme similar to DNA polymerase, that binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands during replication

   True        False

5. messenger RNA → RNA molecule that carries copies of instruction for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to the rest of the cell

   True        False