science 9 vocab semester 1
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63 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Acceleration | (physics) a rate of change of velocity |
| Ampere | the basic unit of electric current |
| Attraction | the force that brings objects together |
| Chemical energy | energy stored in chemical bonds |
| Circuit | A pathway for the flow of electricity |
| Conduction | the transfer of energy between the particles of matter (typically a solid) |
| Conductor | a substance that transmits heat or electricity easily |
| Constant | continually recurring or continuing without interruption |
| Control | In an experiment, the standard that is used for comparison |
| Current | a flow of electricity through a conductor |
| Dependent variable | the variable that is measured in an experiment |
| Distance | the length of a path between two points |
| Electrical energy | the energy of moving electric charges |
| Electrical potential | The Potential energy per unit of electric charge |
| Electric Field | a field of force surrounding a charged particle |
| Electricity | The flow of electrical power or charge |
| Electromagnet | A strong temporary magnet that uses electricity to produce magnetism |
| Electromagnetic radiation | Energy that travels through space in the form of waves |
| Energy | the ability to do work |
| Energy transformation | A change from one form of energy to another |
| Force | force into or from an action or state, either physically or metaphorically |
| Friction | effort expended in rubbing one object against another |
| Generator | converts mechanical energy into electrical energy |
| Graduated cylinder | ..., instrument used to measure volume of a liquid |
| Gram | metric unit of weight equal to one thousandth of a kilogram |
| Graph | drawing illustrating the relations between certain quantities plotted with reference to a set of axes |
| Gravitational Field | a force field that exists in the space around every mass or group of masses |
| Gravity | the force of attraction between all masses in the universe |
| Heat energy | energy released in the form of heat caused by the motion of moving molecules and the breaking of chemical bonds |
| Hypothesis | an educated guess |
| Independent variable | the experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied |
| Induction | an act that sets in motion some course of events |
| Inertia | the tendency of an object to resist any change in its motion |
| Insulator | a material such as glass or porcelain with negligible electrical or thermal conductivity |
| Kilogram | SI unit for mass |
| Kinetic energy | energy of motion |
| Lubricate | make slippery or smooth through the application of a lubricant |
| Magnet | any material that attracts iron or materials containing iron |
| Mass | a body of matter without definite shape |
| Mileage | distance measured in miles |
| Mechanical energy | energy in a mechanical form |
| Newtons | Measurement of force |
| Nuclear energy | energy stored in the nucleus of an atom |
| Ohm | unit of resistance |
| Parallel circuit | circuit in which electric current can follow more than one path |
| Pendulum | an apparatus consisting of an object mounted so that it swings freely under the influence of gravity |
| Phase Change | a change from one state (solid or liquid or gas) to another without a change in chemical composition |
| Polarization | the phenomenon in which waves of light or other radiation are restricted in direction of vibration |
| Potential energy | Energy that is stored and held in readiness |
| Repulsion | the force by which bodies repel one another |
| Resistance | a material's opposition to the flow of electric current |
| Scientific notation | A mathematical method of writing numbers using powers of ten. |
| Series circuit | a circuit in which the objects are connected in a single path |
| Solar energy | energy from the sun |
| Sound energy | energy of vibrations carried by air, water, or other matter |
| Speed | distance travelled per unit time |
| Thermal energy | Heat energy |
| Trial | the act of testing something scientifically |
| Velocity | the speed of an object in a particular direction |
| Volt | unit for measuring voltage |
| Volume | the amount space occupied by an object |
| Weight | A measure of the force of gravity on an object |
| Work | the transfer of energy to move somthing |
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