Skeletal System
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46 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What is the branch of medicine that deals with the skeletal system? | Orthopedics |
| What are the 7 types of tissue bone consists of? | 1.osseous 2.cartilage 3.dense connective 4.epithelial 5.blood 6.adipose 7.nervous |
| Each bone in the skeletal system is an ______ organ. | individual |
| What are the functions of the skeletal system? | 1.support 2.protection 3.movement 4.storage 5.hemopoiesis |
| How does the skeletal system support?k | It forms the framework for support of body tissue and points of attachment for muscles |
| How does the skeletal system protect? | It surrounds delicate tissue and organs. |
| How does the skeletal system aid with movement? | When muscles contract across a joint the bones move. Many bones function as levers that change the magnitude and direction of the forces produced by muscle. |
| How does the skeletal system aid with storage? | It has mineral storage and lipid storage. |
| What are the minerals stored in bones? | Mineral salts, especially calcium and phosphorus. |
| Where are the lipids stored in bone? | Yellow Marrow |
| How does the skeletal system aid in hemopoiesis? | Red bone marrow produces red and white blood cells |
| What are the Intracellular substances in bone matrix? | 1.collagen proteins (flexibility) 2.mineral salts-hydroxypatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 |
| What are the 4 types of bone cells? | 1.osteoprogenter 2.osteoblasts 3.osteocytes 4.osteoclast |
| What are osteoprogenters? | They undergo cell division |
| What are osteoblasts? | They do not divide and they actively form matrix |
| What are osteocytes? | They are mature cells and do not divide |
| What are osteoclasts? | They develop from WBS bone resorption |
| What are the 5 bone types? | 1.long bone 2.short bone 3.flat bone 4.irregular bone 5.sesamoid bone |
| What are the 3 characteristics of long bone? | -have greater length than width -consist mostly of compact bone -bones of the limbs |
| What are the 4 characteristics of short bone? | -some what cube shaped -nearly equal in length and width -mostly spongey bone -wrist and ankle bone |
| What are the 2 characteristics of flat bones? | -2 thin parallel plates of compact bone enclosing a layer of spongey bone -bones of skull, ribs, scapula |
| What is the characteristic of irregular bone? | -complex shape, vertebrae, facial bones |
| What is the characteristic of sesamoid bone? | -small bones that develop inside tendons usually associated with joints |
| What is remodeling? | When bone matrix is continuously recycled and renewed |
| When in life does remodeling occur? | Throughout life |
| When is the turnover rate the highest? | In young adults |
| How much of the skeleton is demolished and rebuilt each year? | 1/5 |
| What is responsible for bone resorption? | osteoclasts |
| What is responsible for bone deposition? | osteoblasts |
| What is a foramen? | An opening in a bone for the passage of nerves and blood vessels |
| What is a fissure? | Narrow, slit-like opening for nerves and blood vessels |
| What is a fossa? | A shallow depression in a bone |
| What is a sulcus? | Groove in a bone |
| What is a meatus? | Canal in a bone |
| What is a sinus? | Cavity within a bone |
| What is a condyle? | Large, knoblike convex process |
| What is a head? | Rounded surface at end of bone supported by an narrow neck |
| What is a trochlea? | Pulley-like structure |
| What is a facet? | Flattened, smooth articular surface |
| What is a crest? | Prominent ridge on a bone |
| What is a line? | Low ridge on a bone |
| What is a epicondyle? | Process above a condyle |
| What is a spine? | Sharp, slender process of a bone |
| What is a trochanter? | Very large projection only on femur |
| What is a tubercle? | Small rounded process on a bone |
| What is a tuberosity? | Irregular roughened area on a bone |
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