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Accessory pigment Pigments which assist chlorophyll in photosynthesis Carotenoids Accessory pigments which are orange. Chemiosmosis The process by which ATP is produced in photosynthesis Chlorophyll The main pigment of photosynthesis and is green in color Electron Transport Chain The series of molecules on the thyladkoid membrane which comprise Photosystem I and Photosystem II Granum Stack of thylakoids NADP+ An electron acceptor Photosynthesis Process by which plants trap the energy in sunlight into organic molecules. Pigment Any molecule which can absorb the sun's energy Stroma The solution around the thylakoid Visible Spectrum Electromagnetic radiation from 400-700 nanometers which is perceived by the human eye as a continuous spectrum of light from red to violet. C3 plants Plants in which the stomata are open during the day C4 Plants in which the stomata are partially closed during the day Calvin Cycle The second stage (dark stage) of photosythesis in which carbon fixation occurs. CAM Plants in which the stomata are closed during the day Carbon fixation Incorporation of carbon dioxide into organic compounds Stomata The small openings on the undersides of most leaves through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move. PGA A low energy 3 carbon molecule of the Calvin Cycle PGAL A high energy 3 carbon molecule of the Calvin Cycle which is converted organic compounds or recycled to RuBP. RuBP The 5 carbon compound found in plants which starts the Calvin cycle and is the end product of the calvin cycle.