Ancient India/Hinduism/Buddhism
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Created by:
mrrduck on January 5, 2011
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The QUIZ Quizlet REVISED
Classes:
Global Studies - Zavell, Ancient India Unit test 6th Grade, Ancient Civilization, History 2014, PMS Study Page
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35 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 subcontinent | a large and distinctive landmass that is a distinct part of some continent |
| monsoon | A strong wind that brings heavy rain to southern Asia in the summer |
| subsistence farming | Farming that provides only enough for the needs of a family or a village |
| Mohenjo-Daro | Indus Valley city laid out in a grid pattern. Had a complex irrigation and sewer system. |
| Aryans | an Indo-European people who, about 1500 B.C., began to migrate into the Indian subcontinent |
| Vedas | Ancient Sanskrit writings that are the earliest sacred texts of Hinduism. |
| Sanskrit | The sacred language of ancient India; came originally from the Aryans. |
| caste | a lifelong social group/class into which into which a Hindu is born |
| brahmins | Priests and scholars in the Indian caste system |
| sudras | caste that made up most of the Indian population; most were peasants and manual laborers; they had limited rights in society |
| untouchables | also called pariahs, lowest level of the Indian society; not considered a part of the caste system; did degrading jobs |
| Chandragupta Maurya | the founder of the Maurya Empire, brought together most of the Indian subcontinent. Considered the first unifier of India and the first genuine emperor of India. |
| Ashoka | Chandragupta's grandson; gained control of all but India's southern tip; He converted to Buddhism and broadcast his precepts on inscribed stones and pillars |
| Gupta Empire (The Golden Age) | astronomy, mathematics, literature, art, poetry, architecture, medicine and more were advanced |
| vishnu | A Hindu god considered the Preserver of the world |
| Brahman | In Hinduism, the single supreme force or reality of the universe |
| Shiva | an important Hindu deity who in the trinity of gods was the Destroyer |
| karma | the belief that every deed, mental or physical, in this life affects a person's soul or future lives |
| nirvana | The Buddhist belief of the extinction of desire and individual consciousness, also spiritual enlightenment |
| reincarnation | in Hinduism, the belief that soul is reborn in various forms |
| stupa | a dome-shaped structure that serves as a Buddhist shrine |
| Four Noble Truths | As taught by the Buddha, the four basic beliefs that form the foundation of Buddhism. |
| Wanting or Desire | What Buddha believed was the cause of suffering? |
| The Vedas and The Epics | Sacred texts are important to Hinduism? |
| samsara | the Hindu cycle of death and rebirth |
| Ganges River | One of the most holy natural features of the Indian landscape for Hindus. |
| guru | a Hindu or Buddhist religious leader and spiritual teacher |
| cow | one of the most sacred animals for the Hindus |
| dharma | the moral law combined with spiritual discipline that guides one's life; the order of the universe |
| enlightenment | a state of perfect wisdom in which one understands basic truths about the universe |
| Eight Fold Path | Eight steps to end suffering according to Buddhist tradition. |
| Buddha | A name, meaning the "enlightened one", used for Siddhartha Gautama. |
| Bodhi Tree | The tree under which Sidartha Gautama achieved enlightenment. |
| rajah | a Hindu prince or king in India |
| meditation | practice of quiet reflection to clear the mind and find inner peace |
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