Chapter 12 vocabualry review
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Drosophilia melanogaster | fruit fly |
| sex chromosome | (genetics) a chromosome that determines the sex of an individual |
| autosome | any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome |
| sex linked trait | phenotypic expression of an allele related to the sex chromosome of an indivual |
| Linkage group | any pair of genes that tend to be transmitted together |
| map unit | a measure of the distance between two linked genes corresponding to a recombination frequency of one parent |
| gene mutation | a mutation due to an intramolecular reorganization of a gene |
| mutation | a change in the dna of an organism |
| addition mutation | is the addition of one or more nucleotide base pairs into a DNA sequence |
| insertion mutation | is the addition of one or more nucleotide base pairs into a DNA sequence |
| deletion mutation | is the removal of one or more nucleotide base pairs from a dna sequence |
| substitution mutation | is the replacement of one or more nucleotide base pairs in a DNA sequence |
| frame shift mutation | a mutation that results in the misreading of the code during translation because of a change in the reading frame |
| Germ cell mutation | a mutation that occurs in sex cells |
| somatic mutation | a mutation that occurs in a body cell |
| chromosome mutation | A change in the structure chromosomes or in the number of the chromosomes |
| chromosome deletion | the loss of a chromosome segment |
| chromosome inversion | breakage of a chromosome then repair is made with chromosoem in reversed position. |
| Chromosome translocation | A portion of a chromosomebreaks off and is transferred to another chromosome |
| chromosome non disjunction | failure of chromosomes to seperate during meiosis resulting in trisomy or monosomy offspring |
| mutagen | a substance that changes the genetic material of an organism and increases the frequency of mutations |
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