World Geography- Chapter 1: How Geographers Look at the World
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Created by:
hannabanana328 on January 9, 2011
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44 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 globe | a scale model of the Earth |
| map | a symbolic representation of all or part of the planet |
| cartography | designing or making maps |
| map projection | a mathematical formula used to represent the curved surface of the Earth on the flat surface of a map |
| Planar projection | a map created by projecting an image of he Earth onto a plane |
| Cylindrical projection | a map of Earth created by projecting Earth's image onto a cylinder |
| Conic projection | a map of the Earth created by placing a cone over part of an Earth model |
| Interrupted Projection | a map of the Earth in which the Earth's surface appears cut along arbitrary lines, each section project separately |
| location | a specific place on the Earth |
| Grid System | pattern formed as the lines of latitude and longitude cross one another |
| Hemisphere | half of a sphere or globe |
| latitude | distance north or south from the equator measured in degrees |
| Equator | the parallel line of 0 degrees latitude from which other latitudes are calculated |
| longitude | distance measured by degrees or time east or west of the prime meridian |
| Prime Meridian | the meridian measured 0 degrees longitude from witch other longitudes are calculated |
| Absolute Location | the exact position of a place on Earth's surface |
| Northern Hemisphere | the half of the Earth that lies north of the Equator |
| Southern Hemisphere | the half of the Earth that lies south of the Equator |
| Eastern Hemisphere | the part of the Earth east of the Atlantic ocean including Europe, Asia, Australia, and Africa; 20ºW and 160ºE often considered its boundaries |
| Western Hemisphere | the half of the Earth compromising North and South America and surrounding waters; longitudes 20ºW ans 160ºE often considered its boundaries |
| key | lists and explains the symbols, colors, and lines used on the map; the key is also known as the legend |
| compass rose | indicates directions; north, south, east, west |
| cardinal directions | north, south, east, and west; usually indicated with arrows or the points of a star |
| intermediate directions | northeast, northwest, southeast, and southwest |
| scale bar | shows the relationship between map measurements and actual distances on Earth |
| scale | a consistent, proportional relationship between the measurements shown on the map and the measurements of Earth's surface |
| relative location | the location of one place in relationship to another |
| physical map | shows the shape of the Earth's physical features |
| topography | shape of the Earth's physical features |
| relief | the elevations or inequalities of a land surface |
| elevation | the height about the sea level |
| political map | shows the boundaries and locations of political units such as countries, states, counties, cities, and towns |
| human-made | determined by humans rather than by nature |
| site | refers to the specific location of a place, including its physical setting |
| situation | expression of relative location |
| place | particular space with physical and human meaning |
| region | areas with similar characteristics |
| formal regions | defined by human common characteristics |
| functional regions | a central place and the surrounding area linked to it |
| perceptual regions | defined by popular feelings and images rather than by objective data |
| ecosystem | a community of plants and animals that depend upon one another, and their surroundings for survival |
| movement | the act or process of changing place or position |
| human-environment interaction | the study of the interrelationship between people and their physical environment |
| geographic information systems (GIS) | computer tools that process and organize data and satellite images with other types of information gathered by geographers and other scientists |
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