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Historians someone who studies and writes about the human past Ice Age Early period in history called the Palenonlithic period, or the old stone age Hot and Dry Mesopotamias climate, near a river Artisans skilled sumarian workers Bronze Cooper and tin Writing most important contribution of the sumarians cuneiform the writing system created by the sumarians law code Hammurabi wrote this to cover most areas of life Cataracts Egypts natural barriers located in the Nile River Gentle and dependable Nile Rivers flooding Dynasty passing of power from father to son tributes payments made to pharoahs The book of the dead collection of spells and prayers embalmed preparing a dead body for their journey coth stips mummy RE Chief god was the Sun god Hatshepsut female pharaoh reigned on building th eegyptioan economy Judaism Israelites, believed in one god- judaism was their faith Moses led them out of egypt and into the sinai desert prophets people instructed by god to lead god's people rabbis jewish religious teachers Synagogue meeting place on the Sabbath (Sunday) Kosher preparing food by jewish dietary laws Daniel Refused to worship Babylonian gods and was thrown into the lions den Direct democracy all citizens decide government matters Free, Native-born citizens of the Greek city-state land owners citizens of the Greek city-state Constittution an oath the military took Dark age when Greece decided to give up on teaching reading and writing Xerxes wanted to increase his countrys wealth and win glory and wanted revenge Battle of Salamis the greeks wond because their ships were quicker Delian League Analliance to protect them from the Persians Aristotle philospher who taught his students to always follow the Goldend Mean Trojan War Poem Illiad was written by Homer about the trojan war Socrates Philosopher was sentenced to death for his teachings- always urging his students to question everything movies,plays Drama Asoka the greatest king, the one who rejected violence and embraced buddahism Caste introduced by the Aryans Guru a teacher Hinduism believes all life is sacred buddhism a way to stop suffering Arranged indian marriages centralized government A captial city where government is run followers disciples of buddha acupuncture chinese medicin saddle ride on horseback stirrups on a saddle for feet Oldest man head of chinese families 1/10 percent percentage of chinese land good for farming tenant farmers paid rent to landlords to farm land warlords leaders of Chinese military silk,tea,spices products sent out of china