Science Ms. Deraps 7th Midterm
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Lions4Life on January 10, 2011
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Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Describe the difference b/t temp. and heat | Temp:Measures amount of kinetic energy. how much particles are moving. Heat: The transfer of energy to one place to another. |
| Describe how temp. depends on k.e | Temp. is the averge amount of k.e, if there was no k.e there would be no temp. the amount of k.e goes up, temp. increases. |
| What tools and units are used to measure tempature? | Theremometer...Farenhiet....Celsius... Calvin for extreemmee temps. |
| how do changes in temp. affect matter? | Temp. affects particles which effect the state of matter. take energy away, particles move slower--->freeze. You give energy, particles move faster---> melt. |
| Describe what thermal expansion is and how it happens. | Thermal expansion is... as something gets warmer it expands. as a subtance expands particles are moving faster and need room to expandd. |
| Explain the units used to measure heat. And how big it is. | Calorie:amount of energy to raise one gram of water by 1 degree celsius. Joule: 1 calorie=1.48 joules. |
| What is S.H(specific heat), and why do some subtances change temp. more easily than others. | a-amount of energy to raise the temp...(amount of energy to raise 1 gram of water by 1 degree celsius. b-a substance with a high specfic heat value like water.. not onlly has to absorb a large quantity of energy for its temp. to decrease. low s.h--> heats up faster. Pan has low s.h so it heats up faster with water in it that has a high specific heat. |
| compare and contrast three ways energy is transferd through heat. | Convection-movement that transfers particles. Conduction-direct touch. radiation-transfers throught e.m waves. Conduction and convection are only too that move through space. |
| describe how matierals can be used to control the transfer of heat energy. | Conductor= allows heat to transfer energy--low s.h. Insulator-reduces the transfer of heat.--high s.h |
| Compare and contrast the 4 layers of the earth, include where they are, what their made of, and how big they are. | innercore-closest to the middle..9000celsius...1300km...made of SOLID iron and nickel.(solid cause of pressure.) Outer core-9000celsius...2220km...made of LIQUID iron and nickel. Mantel-4000celsius...2800km...made of molten rock. Crust-were we live and where life is. oceanic crust-5-10km. |
| Describe in detail how the crust moves. | convection currents in mantel. alllllwayyys moving. moves by magma in mantel, which moves the plates, which move the crust. |
| Compare and contrast the three types of boundries at the edge of the plates. and where they happend. | convergant----><----- plates that hit eachother.creates fold. example utah(rockey mountains.) Divergant=<----- -----> move away. creates mid-ocean ridge. example(b/t north. amer. and african plate.) Transform:------>. move past eachother. example cali. -- <------ sandandreas fault |
| Name and decribe two ways in which volcanoes are formed. | Subduction zones- one plate goes underneath froms magma chamber. Hotspots- magma underneath crust..burns crust..magma freezes. |
| Compare and contrast 3 types of volcanoes. | -Cindercone-Steepest,looks like a cone-2nd destructive. -shield-looks like a shield.lava just pourrs out-least destructive. -composite-flat at bottom and tall at top.-most destructive. all produced by pressure build ip in the mantle and change shape of the earth.; |
| describe how earth quakes are measured; what scale is used and what instruments are used. | sizmograph--measured by a richter scale. <--1--2--3--4--5--6---7--8--9--10--> use exponents. 1 to two--10x bigger. |
| explain the theroy of continetal drift and why scientist belive in this happening. | Becuase at 1st the continents fit togather, and slowley drifted apart. why? because the plates are moving and the mantle is moving and the continents are attached to the plates. |
| what is the earths lithosphere | the crust and upper portion of the mantle |
| a zone where oceanic crust dives beneath crust is... | subduction zone. |
| Connvection currents rise in the air because cool air decends and hot air rises. | ... |
| which method of energ transfers energy doesnt involve movement of matter | radiation. |
| which substance is best conductor of transfer energy as heat | iron |
| earth quake occur mostly at... | plat boundries |
| breakage of rock at a fault line releases.. | seismic waves |
| transfer of fluids and gases | convection |
| waves that cause the most damage are... | surface waves |
| To figure of the magnaitude of a earth quake you the __________ scale | richtor |
| what happened in the ring of fire? | magma rose from subduction. |
| Volcanos like the 'hawaiin island' form by.. | magma through crust..hot spots. |
| violent shaking during a earthquakes occurs at the.... | epicenter |
| example; a lizard is laying out on a warm rock in the sun. its body is warmed by both.... | radiation and conduction |
| the conetinetal crust is thickest beneath... | mountains |
| oceanic crust is thinner and more dense than the.. | continetal crust. |
| movement of the ocean floor on either side of a mid-ocean ridge is called... | sea floor spreading. |
| hot liquid rock isss.. | magma |
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