Ch. 17, Fungi
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20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 mycology | the study of fungi. |
| saprobe | decomposers, feed on dead things. |
| chitin | a structural polysaccharide found in many fungal cell walls and in the exoskeletons of arthropods, contains nitrogen. |
| budding | a means of asexual reproduction whereby a new individual developed from an outgrowth of a parent splits of and lives independently, happens in yeast. |
| spore | any of a variety of thick-walled life cycle stages capable of surviving unfavorable environmental conditions, reproductive cells that can develop into a multicellular individual without fusing with another cell. |
| hypha | one of many filaments making up the body of a fungus, spore dividing into thread-like structure, plus or minus (male or female). |
| sporangium | a structure in fungi and plants in which meiosis occurs and haploid spores develop. |
| fruiting body | mushroom or cap, made up of dikaryotic hyphae. |
| gills | located under cap, have club-like structures called basidia |
| mycelium | the densely branched network of hyphae in a fungus, thread-like. |
| ascus | saclike structure in which ascospores are formed through sexual reproduction of ascomycetes. |
| chytrids | member of a group of fungi that are mostly aquatic and have flagellated spores, they probably represent the most primitive fungal lineage (first kind of fungus) |
| rusts | destroy grain crops, attacks wheat |
| mycosis | a fungal infection |
| thrush | a disease characterized by whitish spots and ulcers on the membranes of the mouth and tongue caused by a parasitic fungus. |
| algae | a protist that produces its food by photosynthesis |
| crustose | (of lichens) having a thin crusty thallus that adheres closely to the surface (rocks, trees, or other substrates) on which it is growing |
| toxic mold | produce toxins, are harmful |
| lichen | a close association between a fungus and an alga, they have a symbiotic (mutualistic/both benefit) relationship, the fungus protects the alga and keeps it moist while the alga makes food to feed the fungus. |
| penicillin | an antibiotic naturally produced by some molds of the genus Penicillium that interferes with the construction of new bacterial cell walls |
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