Chapter 4: Symbiosis
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Created by:
stephensong on January 11, 2011
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54 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Ecology | the study of interactions of organisms and their environment |
| biotic factors | the living factors in an environment |
| abiotic factors | the nonliving factors in an environment |
| autotrophs | producers |
| heterotrophs | consumers |
| habitat | where an organism lives |
| niche | what an organism does |
| True | True or False: Different organisms can share the same habitat if they have a different niche. |
| False | True or False: Different organisms can share the same habitat if they have the same niche |
| biosphere | the part of the earth where life exists |
| biome | all the similar ecosystems that share the same characteristics |
| ecosystem | all the living and nonliving things and their interactions |
| community | all the living things that live together in an area |
| population | a group of similar organisms that live together |
| coexist | Fill in the blank: Two species who have the same requirements cannot blank in the same habitat. |
| symbiosis | species interactions |
| mutualism | when both species benefit |
| symbiont | each partner in a species interaction |
| commensalism | when one species benefits and the other is not affected |
| predation/parasitism | one species benefits and the other is harmed or affected |
| predation | predator eats prey |
| predator | Which is usually larger in predation: the predator or the prey? |
| parasitism | parasites eat from host |
| No | Does the parasite want to kill its host? |
| Yes | Is a parasite always smaller than its host? |
| Competitive Exclusion Principle | States that When two species compete, the more fit species will win out and persist and the less fit species will lose or become extinct. |
| The flow of energy | What do the arrows represent in a food chain? |
| decomposers | What is always at the top of every food chain? |
| Photosynthesis | process that makes glucose and oxygen and uses water and carbon dioxide |
| Respiration | process that makes water and carbon dioxide and uses glucose and oxygen |
| Photosynthesis | By what process do plants make glucose and oxygen? |
| True | True or False: Everything uses the process of respiration. |
| False | True or False: Everything uses the process of photosynthesis. |
| Chemical energy | What do plants convert light energy into? |
| Producer | 1st Trophic Level |
| Primary consumer | 2nd Trophic Level |
| Secondary consumer | 3rd Trophic Level |
| Tertiary consumer | 4th Trophic Level |
| Decomposer | Last Trophic Level |
| Decomposer | Recycles matter |
| 90 | What percentage of energy is converted to a form we can't use when energy is passed on from one trophic level to another? |
| 10 | What percentage of energy is passed on as a form we can use? |
| Useful energy flows and decreases and matter is recycled | 2 main parts of the food chain |
| heat | What is the 90% of energy we can't use mostly converted to? What type of energy? |
| food web | lots of food chains intertwined |
| highest | Fill in the blank: Always use the blank trophic level that the organism could possibly be in when looking at a food web. |
| energy and matter | What two things do food chains show the flow of? |
| Pyramid of Energy | A pyramid that shows how the amount of energy decreases. |
| Pyramid of Numbers | A pyramid that shows how the number of organisms in each trophic level decreases. |
| Numbers | Fill in the Blank: Exception of Pyramid of Blank: if the producer is much larger than the primary consumer. |
| Pyramid of Biomass | A pyramid that shows how the amount of biomass decreases throughout the trophic levels. |
| biomass | living material minus water |
| Biomass | Fill in the Blank: Exception of Pyramid of Blank: if the producer has extremely rapid rate of reproduction. |
| whale and phytoplankton | Example of the exception of the Pyramid of Biomass(very rare) |
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