| Term | Definition |
| limiting factor | factor that causes the growth of a population to decrease |
| tolerence | ability of an organism to with stand changes |
| succession | (ecology) the gradual and orderly process of change in an ecosystem brought about by the progressive replacement of one community by another until a stable climax is established |
| primary succession | changes that occur in an area where no ecosystem was before |
| secondary succession | the series of changes that occur after a disturbance of an existing ecosystem |
| biome | a major biotic community characterized by the dominant forms of plant life and the prevailing climate |
| photic zone | the portion of the marine biome that is shalow enough for sunlight to get through |
| aphotic zone | portion of the marine biome where it is NOT shallow enough for the sunlight to penetrate |
| estuary | A wide lower part of a tidal river. |
| intertidal zone | located between low tide and high tide |
| plankton | the aggregate of small plant and animal organisms that float or drift in great numbers in fresh or salt water |
| tundra | a vast treeless plain in the arctic regions between the ice cap and the tree line |
| taiga | Giant forest. Half of the world's remaining wood. |
| desert | an arid region with little or no vegetation |
| grassland | land where grass or grasslike vegetation grows and is the dominant form of plant life |
| tundra | a vast treeless plain in the arctic regions between the ice cap and the tree line |
| temperate forest | Average temperature is 0C-28C average yearly rainfall 76-250cm soil is verfy fertile and organically rich |
| tropical rain forest | Average temperature range 25C-28C average yearly rainfall 200cm or more soil is thin and nutrient poor |