1.
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP): A protocol in the TCP/IP suite that enables a computer sending station to determine the MAC address of another station on a network
2.
AppleTalk: A peer-to-peer protocol used in network communication between Macintosh computers
3.
Bridge: A network transmission device that connects together different LAN segments using the same access method.
4.
Connection-oriented communication: Also called a connection-oriented service, this service provides several ways to ensure that data is successfully received at the destination, such as requiring an acknowledgment of receipt and using a checksum to make sure the packet or frame contents are accurate.
5.
Connectionless communication: Also called a connectionless service a, communication service that provides no checks to make sure that data accurately reaches the destination node.
6.
Data Link Control protocol (DLC): Available through Microsoft Windows 2000, Windows NT, Windows 95, and Windows 98, this protocol enables communication with an IBM mainframe or minicomputer.
7.
Dotted decimal notation: An addressing technique that uses for octets converted to decimal to differentiate individual servers, workstations, and other network devices
8.
Dynamic addressing: An addressing method whereby and internet protocol address is assigned to a workstation without the need for the network administrator to manually set it up at a workstation.
9.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP): A network protocol that provides a way for a server to automatically assign an IP address to a workstation its network
10.
Enterprise network: A network that often reaches throughout an large area, such as a college campus, a city, or across several states.
11.
Ethernet: A network transport system that uses a carrier sending and collision detection method to regulate data transmissions
12.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP): Available through the TCP/IP protocol, FTP enables files to be transferred across a network or the Internet between computer or servers.
13.
Frame: A unit of data that is transmitted on a network; it contains control and address information, but not routing information.
14.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP): A protocol in the TCP/IP suite that transports HTML documents over the Internet for access by Web-compliant browsers.
15.
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP): A TCP/IP based protocol that is used for network error reporting, particularly through routing devices
16.
Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP): Part of the TCP/IP protocol suite, the protocol that is used in multicasting and which contains addresses of clients. It is used by the server to tell a router which clients belong to the multicast group.
17.
Internet Packet Exchange (IPX): A protocol developed by Novell for use with its NetWare Server operating system
18.
Local area network (LAN): A series of interconnected computers, printers, and other computer equipment that share hardware and software resources. The service are is usually limited to a given floor, office are, or building
19.
Media access control (MAC) sublayer: A network communications function that examines physical address information in frames and controls the way devices share communications on a network
20.
Metropolitan area network (MAN): A network that links multiple LANs within a large city or metropolitan region
21.
NetBIOS Extended User Interface (NetBEUI): A communication protocol native to Microsoft network communications.
22.
NetWare Link (NWLink): A network protocol that simulates the IPX/SPX protocol for Microsoft Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows NT, and Windows 2000 communication with Novell NetWare file servers and compatible devices
23.
Network Basic Input/Output System (NetBIOS): A combination software interface and a network naming convention.
24.
Network binding: A process that links a computer's network interface card or a dial-up connection with one or more network protocols to achieve optimum communication with network services.
25.
Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS): A set of standards developed by Microsoft and 3COM for network drivers that enables communication between a NIC and protocol, and that enables the use of multiple protocols on the same network
26.
Open Datalink Interface (ODI): A driver that is used by Novell Netware networks to transport multiple protocols on the same network
27.
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol: A TCP/IP based routing protocol that can evaluate network paths and match a type of transmission, such as data or video, to the appropriate network path.
28.
Packet: A unit of data that is transmitted on a network, and contains control and address information as well routing information
29.
Physical address: Also called a device address, a unique hexadecimal number associated with a device's network interface card
30.
Protocol: A strictly defined set of rules for communication across a network that specifies how networked data is formatted for transmission, how it is transmitted, and how it is interpreted at the receiving end.
31.
Quality of Service (QoS): Mechanisms used to measure and allocated network resources on the basis of transmission speed, quality, throughput, and reliability.
32.
Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP): Enables an application to reserve the network resources it needs, such as network paths with higher speeds.
33.
Router: A device that connects network, that can read IP addresses, and that can router packets to designated networks, because it reads routing information in packets and keeps tables of information about the fastest route form one network to another
34.
Routing Information Protocol (RIP): A TCP/IP based protocol that enables routing devices to share information about a network
35.
Sequence Packet Exchange (SPX): A Novel connection-oriented protocol used for network transport when there I s a particular need for data reliability
36.
Simple Network Management Protocol (SMTP): An e-mail protocol used by systems having TCP/IP network communications
37.
Static addressing: An IP addressing method that requires the network administrator to manually assign and set up a unique network address on each workstation connected to a computer.
38.
Subnet mask: A designated portion of an IP address that is used to indicate the class of addressing on a network and to divide a network into subnetwork as a way to control traffic and enforce security
39.
Telnet: A TCP/IP application protocol that provides terminal emulation services
40.
Token ring: Using a ring topology, a network transport method that passes a token from node to node. The token is used to coordinate transmission o data, because only the node possessing the token can send data
41.
Topology: The physical layout of the cable and the logical path followed by network packets and frames sent on the cable
42.
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP): A protocol that is particularly well suited for medium and large network
43.
User Datagram Protocol (UDP): A protocol used with IP as an alternative to TCP and that offers low-overhead connectionless communications
44.
Wide area network (WAN): A far-reaching system of networks that can extend across state lines and across continents
45.
Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS): A Windows 2000 Server service that enables the server to convert workstation names to IP addresses for Internet communiation
