Infection Control
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18 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Primary Purpose of Infection Control | prevent the transmission of infectious disease |
| 3 forms of Transmission | From pt. to dental professional From dental professional to pt. From pt. to pt. |
| Pathogens in oral or respiratory secretions: | Cold and flu viruses and bacteria Cytomegalovirus Hep B and C Herpes simplex virus HIV Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| General Routes of Transmission | -Direct Contact with pathogens (in saliva, blood, resp. secretions, or lesions) -Indirect contract w/ contaminated objects or instruments -Direct contact w/ airborne contaminates in spatter or aerosols |
| What 3 things must be present in disease transmission | 1. Susceptible host 2. Pathogen w/ sifficient infectivity 3. Portal of entry where pathogen can enter host (infection control alters 1 of these three) |
| Protective Attire and Barriers | Clothing: to prevent skin and mucous membrane exposure to body fluids (Changed daily or when soiled ) Gloves: worn to prevent contact w/ blood, saliva or mucous membrane (Changed between pts. and can not be washed) Mask and eyewear: wear when spatter and aerosolizes of blood and saliva are present (Change mask between pts or if they become soiled or wet; Eyewear must be cleansed between pts.) |
| When do we wash our hands? | Before and after treating each pt. and after touching objects or surfaces contaminated by blood or saliva |
| Critical Items | those that penetrate soft tissue or bone (forceps, scalpel, scalers, burs) *None in radiology |
| Semicritical items | those that contact, but do NOT penetrate soft tissue or bone. Ex: film holders, mirrors, amalgam condensors |
| Non-critical Items | those that do not come in contact w/ mucous membranes Ex: PID, exposure buttons, control panel, lead apron |
| Before Exposure: Treatment Area | -Cover w/ plastic all areas that are most likely to be touched X-ray machine: tubehead, PID, control panel,exposure buttons Dental chair: headrest, and chair adjustment controls Work area: where x-ray supplies are placed during exposure Lead apron: if contaminated it must be wiped w/ disinfectant between pts. |
| Before Exposure: Supplies and Equipment | All anticipated supplies and equipment must be prepared and sterilized Film: should be dispensed from a central supply area into a coin envelope, plastic cup or sandwich bag Film holding-devices: should be sterilized Misc: cotton rolls, paper rowels, cup labeled w/ pts. name |
| Before Exposure: Patient Preparation | Chair Adjustment: position so that the pt. is seated upright. Adjust the height so that it is comfortable for radiographer. Headrest Adjustment: supporting head so that the pts. upper arch is parallel w/ floor Lead Apron: place and secure before any exposure Misc: remove any of the pts. belongings (glasses, gum, dentures, tongue and lip rings) |
| Before Exposure: Dental Radiographer | Handwashing: wash w/ soap so that pt. can see you, or verbalize it. Gloves: after washing, immediately put on gloves Mask and Eyewear: no aerosols are created and so this is optional (CBC PROTOCOL IS TO WEAR THEM) Film-holding Device: w/ gloved hands remove and assemble in front of pt. |
| During Exposure | Once gloved try to only touch covered surfaces and minimize what you touch Drying of Exposed Film: dry w/ a paper towel to remove excess saliva Collecting Exposed Films: place in a cup labeled w/ pts. name-Used to transport to darkroom (Do not touch w/ gloves) Avoid scatter rad. by NOT placing them in the same room Film Holding Devices: should go from covered working area to pts. mouth and back to covered working area Interruptions During Exposure: when you leave the area you must take gloves off and wash, and then rewash and re-glove when returning. |
| After Exposure | Dispose of Contaminated Items: while still wearing gloves throw away cotton rolls, bwx tabs, bags etc. Also dispose of all plastic covers Film-holding Devices: place film holder in designated area for contaminated instruments Lead Apron: remove this once gloves have been removed Surface Disinfectant: wipe any uncovered areas that were contaminated |
| Handling Exposed Film (slide 1) | -Bring cup from work area to darkroom -Place paper towel down in dark room -Place cup next to towel -Put on gloves -Turn off lights and secure door -Take 1 film out of cup -Open packet and slide out film, lead, and black paper . |
| Handling Exposed Film (slide 2) | -Dispose of foil -Open black paper w/o touching the film and let film fall on the paper towel. -Discard of black paper -Once all film have been opened dispose of cup -Remove gloves and wash hands -Process films -Label a mount w/ pts. name and place films in once they are done processing. |
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