U.S. History Midterm
About this set
Created by:
13BockrathH on January 17, 2011
Subjects:
imperialism, world war 1, roaring 20s, harlem reniassance, great depression, dust bowl, new deal
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117 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Reasons for U.S. Imperialism | Raw Materials, New Markets, Anglo-Saxon Superiority, Sea Power |
| Alfred Mahan | US Admiral who encouraged the US to strengthen its naval power to become a world power. |
| Roosevelt Corollary | Teddy Roosevelt's extension of the monroe doctrine, in which he declared that the united states had the right to exercise "police power" throughout the western hemishere. |
| Yellow Press | Uses exaggerated stories to sell newspapers, stories of spanish "attrocities" |
| Hearst and Pulitzer | Newspaper men who engaged in Yellow Jornalism |
| DeLome Letter | Letter from the Spanish Minister to the U.S. insulting president McKinley |
| U.S.S. Maine | The U.S. ship that spontainiously exploded, U.S. blamed spanish- thus starting the Spanish-American War |
| Causes of the Spanish American War | Yellow journalism, DeLome letter, U.S.S. Maine explosion |
| George Dewey | U.S. naval officer remembered for his victory at Manila Bay in the Spanish-American War |
| San Juan Hill | Site of the most famous battle of the Spanish-American war, where Theodore Roosevelt successfully leads the Rough Riders in a charge against the Spanish trenches RESULT: US takes control of Cuba, Spain surrenders Guam, Puerto Rico, Philippines |
| Rough Riders | Volunteer soldiers led by Theodore Roosevelt during the Spanish American War |
| William McKinley | 25th president responsible for Spanish-American War, Philippine-American War, and the Annexation of Hawaii, imperialism |
| Phillipine-American War | 1899 the Phillipinos rose in revolt and the US imposed its authority on colonies that were fighting for freedom |
| Panama Canal | The United States built it to have a quicker passage to the Pacific from the Atlantic and vice versa. Columbians would not let Americans build the canal, but then with the assistance of the United States a Panamanian Revolution occurred. The new ruling people allowed the United States to build the canal. |
| Missionary Diplomacy | Woodrow Wilson's policy contingent on the belief that it was America's responsibility and destiny to spread its institutions and values to the far corners of the globe |
| Pancho Villa | Mexican revolutionary leader who wanted to take money from the rich and give it to the poor |
| Queen Liluokalani | Native Hawaiian ruler overthrown in revolution led by white planters aided by US troops |
| Sanford Dole | Leader of American planters who in 1893 set up a government in Hawaii after overthrowing queen Liliuokalani |
| John Stevens | U.S. Minister of Hawaii |
| "Big Stick" Diplomacy | Diplomatic policy developed by T.R where the "big stick" symbolizes his power and readiness to use military force if necessary. It is a way of intimidating countries without actually harming them and was the basis of U.S. imperialistic foreign policy |
| "Great White Fleet" | 1907-1909 - Roosevelt sent the Navy on a world tour to show the world the U.S. naval power. Also to pressure Japan into the "Gentlemen's Agreement." |
| Causes of WWI | MAIN |
| Reasons why U.S. entered WW1 | To ensure allied repayment of debt and to prevent Germany from threatening U.S. shipping |
| Neutrality | Nonparticipation in a dispute or war |
| Lusitania | American boat that was sunk by the German U-boats; made America consider entering WWI |
| Franz Ferdinand | Archduke of Austria-Hungary who whose assasination kicked off WW1 |
| Gavrilo Princip and the Black Hand | Man responsible for assinating Franz Ferdinand and his wife and the name of his terrorist group |
| Big Four | Woodrow Wilson, David Lloyd George, Georges Clemenceau, and Vittorio Orlando |
| Vittorio Orlando | Prime Minister of Italy during WWI |
| Woodrow Wilson | U.S. President during WWI |
| Kaiser Wilhelm | German emperor during WWI |
| David Lloyd George | British Prime MInister during WWI |
| Georges Clemenceau | French Prime MInister during WWI |
| Marshall Foch | Leader of the Allied Powers during WWI |
| John J. Pershing | Commander of the American Expeditionary Force during WWI, was sent by Wilson to capture Pancho Villa |
| Eddie Rickenbacker | Most decorated U.S. combat pilot in WWI |
| Alvin York | WWI hero, killed 25 machine-gunners and captured 132 German soldiers when his soldiers took cover; won Congressional Medal of Freedom |
| Central Powers | Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire |
| Allied Powers | Great Britain, France, Italy, Russia, and later the US |
| Espionage and Sedition Acts | Laws that enacted harsh punishments against anyone who opposed the war |
| Conscientious Objector | One who refuses to serve in the armed forces on grounds of conscience |
| Trench Warfare | War from inside trenches enemies would try killing eachother with machine guns and tanks, and poison gas |
| Convoy System | Having merchant ships travel in groups protected by warships |
| Blockade | Shutting a port to keep people or supplies from moving in or out |
| Zimmerman Note | German note to Mexico urging them to attack the U.S. |
| Weapons of WWI | U-boats, Big Bertha cannons, Poison gas, Mechanized warfare, and Planes |
| Fourteen Points | Wilson's plan for World Peace after WWI |
| Armistice | Truce |
| League of Nations | An organization of nations formed after World War I to promote cooperation and peace |
| Influenza Epidemic | Killed 30 to 50 million people after WWI |
| Sacco and Vanzetti | Two men unfairly convicted of murder and robbery because of the red scare |
| Warren G. Harding | President after World War I who promised to return the US to normalicy |
| Clarence Darrow | Famous lawyer who defended John Scopes in the Scopes trial |
| John Scopes | A teacher who caused controversy when he taught his students the theory of evolution |
| A. Mitchell Palmer | Attorney General who led raids during the red scare |
| Marcus Garvey | Black leader who organized the Universal Negro Improvement Association. He started the Back to Africa movement |
| Duke Ellington | African American jazz composer, piano player, and bandleader |
| Langston Hughes | A leading poet of the Harlem Renaissance. He wrote "The Negro Speaks of Rivers" and "My People" |
| Louis Armstrong | Leading African American jazz musician during the Harlem Renaissance; he was a talented trumpeter whose style influenced many later musicians |
| Paul Robeson | African American dramatic actor who promoted African American rights |
| Bessie Smith | African American female blues singer |
| F. Scott Fitzgerald | writer of "This Side of Paradise" and "The Great Gatsby" who coined the term "Jazz Age" |
| Charles Lindbergh | United States aviator who in 1927 made the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean |
| Babe Ruth | He was a famous baseball player who played for the Yankees. He helped developed a rising popularity for professional sports |
| Gertrude Ederle | United States swimmer who in 1926 became the first woman to swim the English Channel |
| Rube Foster | Baseball player in the Negro National Legue, organized Chicago Giants |
| Jack Dempsey | Famous American boxer |
| Al Capone | Gangster who led prohibition gang, bootlegged, smuggled, and was involved in prostitution |
| Vaudeville | A variety show made up of various acts, such as dancing, singing, comedy, and magic shows |
| Ku Klux Klan | Group of white southerners who used terror and violence to control people the thought to be un-american |
| Scopes Trial | Trial over whether the theory of evolution should be taught in schools |
| Great Migration | Movement of over 300,000 African American from the rural south into Northern cities between 1914 and 1920 |
| Harlem Reniassance | Rebirth of African American culture centered around the city of Harlem |
| Palmer Raids | Series a government attacks on suspected radicals in the United States led by the U.S. attorney general A. Mitchell Palmer |
| Anarchists | People who oppose all forms of organized government |
| Communists | People who seek the equal distribution of wealth and the end of all forms of private property |
| Socialists | People who believe nation's resources and industries should be owned and operated by the government on behalf of the people |
| Boston Police Strike | Police went on strike for better wages and working conditions |
| Prohibition | Law forbidding the sale of alcoholic beverages |
| Women's Suffrage | Women's right to vote |
| Mail Order Catalogs | Printed material advertising a wide range of goods that can be purchased by mail |
| Rural Free Delivery | System that brought packages directly to every home |
| Speakeasies | Secret bars where alcohol could be purchased illegally |
| Flappers | Young women of the 1920s that behaved and dressed in a radical fashion |
| Causes of the Great Depression | Decling world trade (less foreign demand for U.S. goods), High Tariffs (war debt policies), Farming Crisis (lower prices=increasing debt), Easy Credit (too much consumer debt), Decline in Building Houses and Cars, Federal Reserve Errors (tight money policy, incresing intrest rates) |
| Black Tuesday | October 29, 1929; the day the stock market crashed |
| Buying Stock "on the margin" | Buying stock with credit |
| Speculation | Risky buying and selling of stocks in the hope of making a quick profit |
| Dow Jones Industrial Average | Measure of stock market prices based on thirty leading companies of the new york stock exchange and nasdaq |
| Recession | an economic downturn |
| Causes of the Dust Bowl | Wind storms and drought |
| Okies | Farmers, who in the Dust Bowl moved to California |
| "Rugged Individualism" | The belief that all individuals, or nearly all individuals, can succeed on their own and that government help for people should be minimal |
| Bonus Army | Group of WWI vets.and their families that marched to D.C. in 1932 to demand the immediate payment of their goverment war bonuses in cash |
| FDR | President during Great Depression known for social and economic reforms (New Deal) |
| New Deal | President Roosevelt's program for getting the United States out of the depression |
| Bank Holiday | The banks were closed for inspection, some of them were given money to prevent failure |
| First 100 days | Time period when FDR accomplished a lot, presidents are now judged on this |
| Pump Priming | Putting money into the economy the jump-start it |
| Deficit Spending | When a government spends more than it takes in and goes into debt |
| Agricultural Adjustment Act | AAA, Restricted production during the New Deal by paying farmers to reduce crop area. |
| Social Security Act | Created a tax on workers and employers. That money provided monthly pensions for retired people |
| Fair Labor Standards Act | FLSA, Act which provided for a minimum wage and restricted shipments of goods produced with child labor |
| National Labor Relations Act | also known as the Wagner Act, guarantees workers the right of collective bargaining sets down rules to protect unions and organizers, and created NLRB |
| Works Progress Administration | WPA, created as many jobs as possible |
| Court-Packing | Appointing justices who will agree with you so you can get things passed |
| Grapes of Wrath | John Steinbeck's novel about a struggling farm family during the Great Depression. Gave a face to the violence and exploitation that migrant farm workers faced in America |
| Black Cabinet | Group of African Americans FDR appointed to key Government positions; served as unofficial advisors to the president |
| Mary McLeod Bethune | Educator on the Black Cabinet who dedicated herself to promoting opportunities for young African Americans |
| Huey Long | Critic of the New Deal, "Share our Wealth" |
| Francis Townsend | Critic of the New Deal, FDR isn't doing enough for poor and elderly |
| Charles Coughlin | Critic of the New Deal, guarenteed annual income |
| John L. Lewis | United Mine Workers, created congress of Industrial Organization [ CIO ] - helped create industrial unions |
| Fireside Chats | Radio chats by FDR to inform the nation of it's progress and events |
| Indian Reorganization Act | Indian "New Deal" encouraged tribes to preserve their culture and traditions |
| Second New Deal | New set of programs and reforms launched by FDR in 1935 |
| Imperialism | Policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries poitically, socially, and economically. |
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