Chapter 4 Summary
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msimmons33 on January 17, 2011
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16 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 cycloalkane | saturated cyclic hydrocarbon with the general formula CnH2n |
| free rotation is _____________ in cycloalkanes | greaty reduced |
| cis-trans isomers | exist in disubstituted cycloalkanes |
| cis isomer | both substituents on the same face |
| trans isomer | substituents on opposite faces |
| stereoisomers | isomers that have the same connections between atoms but different 3D arrangements |
| three kinds of strain that contribute to the overall energy of a cycloalkane | angle strain, torsional strain, and steric strain |
| angle strain | the resistance of a bond angle to compression or expansion from the normal 109.5 |
| torsional strain | the energy cost of having neighboring C-H bonds eclipsed rather than staggered |
| steric strain | the repulsive interaction that arises when two groups attempt to occupy the same space |
| cyclohexane | strain-free because it adopts the "chair" configuration |
| chair conformation | all bond angles are near 109 and all neighboring C-H bonds are staggered |
| axial position | oriented up and down |
| equatorial position | on the sides |
| Ring-flip | interconverts axial and equatorial positions |
| susbtituents on the ring are more stable in the ________ because ______ | equatiorial position because axial substituents cause 1, 3 - diaxial interactions |
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