Week 1 S.N. Health hs. & Perio. Disease
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68 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What age and gender is most likely to be affect by periodontal disease? | as you age have more risk, and MEN have a more risk of Perio Dis. The older males get there's an increase in prevelance and severity |
| Severity of periodontal disease increases with | age |
| What is the number of cases of disease at a point of time? | prevelance |
| what is the number of new cases of disease between two dates? | incidence |
| What is periodontal disease so prevelent in men? | Men usually do not take the time into their hygiene |
| Socioeconoic levels/access to care would affect which cultures? | blacks, hispanics(esp males) the educational backgroudn, income, underdeveloped countries |
| How many americans suffer from some form of periodontitis? | approx. 67 million americans |
| What are we looking for when we are reading over health history? | looking for illnesses, operations, hospitalizations |
| What are some examples of illness, operations, and hospitalization? | heart disease, diabetes, epilepsy, respiratory problems, asthma, aids, cancer, osteoporosis, immunosuppression, pyschiatric care |
| What else do we look for when we are reading over a health history? | looking for medications |
| What are some type of medications that can cause gingival hyperplasia? | Calcium channel blockers: Nifedipine(Procardia), Anticovulsant: Phenytoin(Dilantin) Immunosuppressive: Cyclosporine(sandimmune) |
| What medication causes increase inflammation & plaque formation? | Anti-hypertensive: Enalapril (vasotec) |
| What drug chemical is associatin with gingival enlargment? | phenytoin(dilantin) |
| Immune compromise patients with Aids/HIV will have what type of issues with their gums? | non-plaque induced gingival lesions, white red, or ulcerative lesions, fungal origin, and LINEAR GINGIVAL ERYTHEMA |
| What is most commonly found in AIDS patients? | linear gingival erythema |
| What is arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis a concern in dental heatlh? | difficulty with manual dexterity fine motor skills, or the corticosteroid use may increase patient's potential for infection, may mask the signs of inflammation |
| Cancer patients or menopause patients are at most risk with | mucositis, xerostomia, radiation induce dental caries, muscle trismus: inability to open mouth, reduced healing capacity(osteoradionecrosis), bacterial fungal and viral infections |
| Mucositis is | inflammation of the mucus membrane |
| oral bacteria have been associated with infective endocarditis--which periodontisis could lead to | increase risk for heart disease and stroke |
| bacteria can enter the capillaries in gums by | ulcerations |
| once the bacteria is int eh blood stream it can travel to | heart into the fatty deposits in vessels and cause a blood clot which can cause heart attack or stroek |
| There is symbiotic relationship between perio and diabetes, ask your patienst about their | glood glucose levels are controlled, if they know their hemoglobin A1c |
| A1c level __ or bleow is well controlled | 7 |
| Diabeties patients are at risk of | reduced salivary flow and burning tongue |
| uncontrolled diabetics are at risk for | lack of strenght to fight infections have hard time controlling periodontal disease |
| overgrowth of teh gingival occurs __-___% of the millions of taking pheytoin | 40-50 |
| gingival overgrowth happens ___-___% of the people who take calcium blockers | 5-20% |
| gingival overgrowth happens__% of time for immunosuprresents | 25% |
| Patients with primary herpetic gingivostomatitis have | fiery red margins, swollen IDP, clusters of vesicles, painful, headache, fever, swollen lymph nodes, sore throat |
| immunosupression | clyclosporine(sandimmune), used with organrecipient patients, 25% of patients taking med will experience gingival overgrowth, resembles phenytoin-associated gingival enlargemtns |
| patients with liver diease are at an incraed risk of | infection, meticulous plaque control necessary, minimize swallowing of blood(diminished abilityt o metaboloize blood proteins), positioning may be an issue |
| osteoporosis | may be at risk of aveolar bone loss, gum infection accelerate bone loss |
| Bisphosphonates and Osteonecrosis of Jaws, % of cases were cancer patients recieving intravenous bisphosphonates, benefits outweight risk though | usually small % happens, and only with people who took high doese intravaneously |
| Osteonecrosis | dying of bone, gingival tissue pulls away from dead bone, lookes like holes in jaw |
| Why concern with psychiatric care or patients? | anti-depressants-xerostomia, poorer compliance with home care |
| respiratory problems asthma | oral corticosteriod therapy; xerostomia, masking of inflammatory response, oral bacteria can be carried into lungs and airways: 50% of healthy adults aspirate oropharyngial contents during sleep, good plaque control=reduced incidience of lung infection |
| respiratory problems at increased risk | persons in hospital ICU's, persons in nursing homes, bedridden individuals, instruct caregivvers in plaque control techniques |
| Swollen neck glands caused from | NuG or NuP, |
| Tobaco smokers are 2-6 times more likely to exhibit | perio destruction than non smokers |
| smokers are __-__ times more likely to have severe attachment loss | 12-14, more than halfo of perio disease among adults in U.S. 90% of refractory perio cases are smokers |
| smokers age__-__ are 3.8 times more likely to have perio | 19-30 |
| heavy smokers 18 more times to be infectiwht with | perio pathogens thannon smokers |
| ---% of people over age 65 who hav never smoke are toothless | 20% |
| ___% of people over age 65 who smoke are toothless | 41.3% |
| GIngival recession occurs in ___-___% of smokeless tobacco user | 25-35, cigar & pipe=adverse effects of cigarettes |
| pregnancy, gingival inflammation only occurs in pateints who had evidence of gingivits before becoming | pregnant, worsens 2nd month, most severe 8th month, some oral contraceptives may produce similar plaque-induced gingivitis, pregnancy exagerates gingivitis |
| Contributing factors | factors that increase an individual's susceptibility to periodontitis by modifying or amplying the host response to teh bacterial infection |
| diabetes | disease in which the ody does not produce or properly use insulin, a hormone that is needed to convert sugar, starches, and othe rofods into fuel for the body |
| osteoporosis | bone loss |
| pregnancy tumor | gingival papilla can reacxt so strongly to bacterial plaque that a large lump, pregnancy associated pyrogenic granuloma |
| polymorphonuclear leukocytes | that play a vital role in combating the pathogenic bacteria respnsible for periodontal diasease |
| necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis/periodontitis | hiv positive indicvuals is a form of gingivitis that involves tissue necrosis that is limited to gingivitis, sever form of periodontisit that involves tissue necrosis of gingival tissues combined with los of attachment and alveolar bone loss |
| linear gingival erythema | hive positive individuals, perodontal diasease, red band along gingival margine |
| gingival hyperplasia | enlargment of gingiva due to an incrae in number of cells |
| phenytoin- | supressess abnormal brain activity, anti seizure |
| cyclosporine | immunosupressions drug, reduce activity of immune system |
| nifedipine | anti-anginal, anti-hypertensive |
| risk assessment | defined as identification of risk factors to determine whch patients are more or less likely to prevent or cotnrol their dental disease |
| calcium channel blockers | decrease blood pressure in hypertension |
| hemodialysis | removing waste products |
| corticosteroid | arthritis, colitis, asthma, certain cancers, addison's disease, and in orgn transplants to suppress body's immune response to the tranplatned organ, serious side effects |
| osteroradionecrosis | bone loss due to radiology |
| immunosupression | reductions of immune responses |
| hemoglobin A1c level | 7 or less is better |
| Glucose blood level- | amount of glucose in blood |
| mucositis | infalmation of mucous membranes |
| incidence | number of new disease cases in a population that cocur during a given interval of time |
| prevalence | number of all caseses new and old of a disease that can be identified within a specified population at a given point |
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