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76 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 abiotic | non-living |
| biotic | living |
| absorption | the process of absorbing nutrients into the body after digestion |
| biomass | total mass of animals in each trophic level....highest biomass is always producers or first trophic level |
| biosphere | the part of earth where life exists |
| carbon cycle | the organic circulation of carbon from the atmosphere into organisms and back again |
| commensalism | 1 benefited, 1 not affected |
| decomposition | breaks down compounds into simpler products |
| ecosystem | living and nonliving things in an environment, together with their interactions |
| host | an animal or plant that nourishes and supports a parasite...like the grody caterpillar |
| mutualism | both benefit |
| nitrogen cycle | the transfer of nitrogen from the atmosphere to the soil, to living organisms, and back to the atmosphere |
| parasite | an organism that lives in or on another organism(host); one who lives off another |
| sediment | small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living things |
| primary succession | life growing for 1st time ever |
| secondary succession | regrowth after natural disaster |
| acid | any substance that forms hydrogen ions in water and has a pH below 7 |
| carbohydrate | organic compound used by cells to store and release energy |
| dietary fiber | substances which are not digested or made into a part of our bodies |
| electrical charge | State of having a positive or negative charge |
| inorganic | does not contain carbon |
| lipid | A fatty substance that does not dissolve in water |
| mineral | a naturally occurring, INORGANIC solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition |
| monomer | a simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers |
| organic | contains carbon |
| protein | A three-dimensional biological polymer constructed from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids. |
| vitamin | a class of nutrients that contain carbon and are needed in small amounts to maintain health and allow growth. ORGANIC |
| anaphase | centromere splits |
| binary fission | a form of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides to form two identical cells |
| budding | asexual reproduction in which a part of the parent organism pinches off and forms a new organism |
| cell membrane | thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell...semipermeable |
| cell wall | strong layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria |
| excrete | to separate (waste matter) and eliminate from the body |
| homeostasis | process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment |
| metaphase | chromosomes line up in center |
| mitochondrion | an organelle containing enzymes responsible for producing energy |
| molecular transport | small molecules and ions are transported across membrane by energy-requiring protein pumps |
| oar | analogous to flagellum |
| prophase | form chromosomes from chromatin |
| ribosome | small particle in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA and protein |
| telophase | new nuclei, back to chromatin |
| aerobic respiration | requires oxygen |
| anaerobic respiration | Respiration in the absence of oxygen. This produces lactic acid. |
| atp | one of the principal chemical compounds that living things use to store and release energy |
| catalase | Enzyme responsible for breaking down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen |
| chemosynthesis | process by which some organisms, such as certain bacteria, use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates |
| dehydration synthesis | making h2o |
| enzyme | specialized proteins that speed up chemical reactions |
| photosynthesis | process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches |
| respiration | the process by which cells break down simple food molecules to release the energy they contain |
| amino acid | a small molecule that is linked chemically to other amino acids to form proteins |
| chromosome | threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next |
| codon | three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid |
| nucleic acid | (biochemistry) any of various macromolecules composed of nucleotide chains that are vital constituents of all living cells |
| nucleotide | in a nucleic-acid chain, a subunit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base |
| transcription | the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA |
| translation | the portion of protein synthesis that takes place at ribosomes and that uses the codons in mRNA molecules to specify the sequence of amino acids in polypeptide chains |
| alliteration | (tongue twister), use of the same consonant at the beginning of each stressed syllable in a line of verse |
| allusion | reference to person place or thing |
| assonance | repetition of vowel sounds |
| compression | encoding information while reducing the bandwidth or bits required |
| connotation | meaning/feeling of word beyond its dictionary def |
| epitaph | in honor of som1's death |
| frame story | looking back on time |
| imagery | use of words to create a picture |
| inference | the act of deriving a presumed idea |
| irony | using a word to meet the opposite of its literal meaning |
| denotation | dictionary def of a word |
| juxtaposition | placing 2 things next to each other for purposes of contrast |
| mood | feeling in th txt aroused in th reader |
| motif | repeated idea in a work of literature |
| exposition | an account that sets forth the meaning or intent of a writing or discourse....intro to everything |
| conflict | opposition in a work of drama or fiction between characters or forces (especially an opposition that motivates the development of the plot) |
| denouement | the final resolution of the main complication of a literary or dramatic work |
| theme | a unifying idea that is a recurrent element in a literary or artistic work |
| satire | language or writing that exposes follies or abuses by holding them up to ridicule |
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