Review for Biology EOC
About this set
Created by:
caseylefever on January 17, 2011
Subjects:
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
75 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Rachel Carson | who wrote Silent Spring |
| Silent Spring | title of book written about effects of pesticides on environment |
| ATP | packets of energy for the cell |
| mitochondria | transforms energy into ATP |
| Interphase | phase of mitosis in which DNA is copied (Replication) |
| Prophase | phase of mitosis in which nucleus disappears, chromosome is visible |
| Metaphase | phase of mitosis in which chromosomes line up the middle |
| Anaphase | phase of mitosis in which chromosomes are separating |
| Telophase | phase of mitosis when there are 2 daughter cells |
| mitochondria | where does respiration take place |
| glycolysis | process in which glucose is broke down |
| citric acid cycle | another name for Kreb's cycle |
| 38 | kreb's cycle & ETS \ / \ / \ / \ / 36 ATP Net ___ ATP |
| replication | process where DNA is copied in the nucleus during Interphase |
| transcription | make mRNA from DNA |
| Analogous structures | structures that LOOK DIF. but have SAME FUNCTION |
| Vestigial organs | structures that may have been used in an ancestral species but since have been reduced and are no longer used |
| Directional Selection | nature selects for ONE of the extremes |
| Stabilizing Selection | the avg. gets selected for |
| Disruptive Selection | BOTH extremes are selected for |
| convergent evolution | 2 unrelated species evolve to look alike b/c they live in same environment (A: whale; B: Fish) A)_________ \ \____________ ____________ / B)________/ |
| divergent evolution | share common ancestor yet evolve to look diff. b/c of resources _______________(B) (A)_________/ \________________(C) |
| geographic isolation | 2 populations are separated by geographic features (ex, rivers, etc.) |
| reproductive isolation | (temporal)- 2 or more species reproduce @ dif. times |
| behavorial isolation | 2 populations are capable of interbreeding; have other reproductive strategies that involve behavior |
| fossils | preserved ancient remains of once living organisms |
| Thomas Malthus | who stated that "populations evolve, not individuals" |
| Charles Lyell | who wrote principles of Geology that backed up Hutton |
| Alfred Wallace | who wrote to Darwin about his agreements with him |
| Natural Selection | Nature chooses the better traits for survival |
| Artificial Selection | nature provided the variation & humans select the most useful variation they desire |
| Sexual selection | nature provides a way for a mate to be chosen (most of the time the female is the one who chooses) |
| Homologous Structures | structures that LOOK SIMILAR & have SAME FUNCTION |
| stomata | opening (in plnt cells?) for gas exchange |
| guard cells | open & close stomata |
| close | what do stomata do during drought (to preserve water??) |
| codominance | dominant B(black) dominant W (white) result in checkered, black & white (they don't blend) |
| pathogen | any disease-causing agent (microbes) |
| hormone | a substance that's produced in one part of an organism & affects another part |
| target cell | the portion of an organism affected by a particular hormone |
| auxin | substance that regulates cell growth & stimulates cell elongation |
| lateral bud | meristematic area on the side of a stem that gives rise to side branches |
| apical dominance | the closer a bud is to the stem's tip, the more it's inhibited |
| cytokinin | plant hormones produced in growing roots & in developing fruits & seeds |
| giberellin | growth-promoting substance produced by plants |
| ethylene | plant hormone that stimulates fruits to ripen |
| tropism | response of plants to external stimuli |
| thigmotropism | the response of plants to touch |
| short-day plant | plant that flowers when daylight is short |
| long-day plant | plant that flowers when day is long |
| photoperiodism | the response of plants to periods of light & dark |
| phytochrome | the plant pigment responsible for photoperiodism |
| dormancy | the period during which an organism's growth & activity decrease or stop |
| abscission layer | layer of cells at the petiole that seals off a leaf from the vascular system |
| xerophyte | plant that lives in the desert biome |
| epiphyte | plant not rooted in soil, but grows directly on the body of another plant |
| to transport water and dissolved material | the purpose of vascular tissue in vascular plants |
| ribosomes | prokaryotic cells need |
| homeostasis | a state of biological balance |
| nucleic acid | made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus |
| amino acids | proteins are a polymer of what (aka, a bunch of this monomer, make up the polymer protein) |
| osmosis | specifically refers to movement across cell membrane |
| Manera | what kingdom does bacteria belong to |
| CO2 is released & trapped in dough | why makes yeast fermentation cause bread to rise |
| RNA | which contains Uracil rather than Thymine--DNA or RNA |
| 2:1 | what is the ratio of hydrogen in oxygen (in carbohydrates) |
| transcription | during _________ GTATCAGG---> CAUAGUCC |
| nucleolus | where the assembly of ribosomes begins |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | the site where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled, along w/ proteins & other materials that are exported from the cell |
| Rough ER | the portion of ER involved in the sysnthesis of proteins (hint: ribosomes) |
| golgi apparatus | the function is to modify, sort, & package proteins & other materials from the ER for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell |
| vacuoles | store materials, such as water, salts, proteins, carbohydrates |
| moitochondria | organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use |
| chloroplast | organelles that capture the energy from sunlight & convert it into chemical energy in photosynthesis |
| centrioles | help to organize cell division |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.