Chapter 7 - From Nationalism to Sectionalism (Section 1)
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catherizzle on January 18, 2011
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20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Alexis de Tocqueville | French philosopher who observed American culture, in Democrazy in America, he wrote of the the limitless energy of the American people; also noted that America is in constant motion |
| Noah Webster | 1828, published an American Dictionary of the English Language; defined thousands of words that had not been included in a dictionary before, a new American Language |
| Nationalism | the belief that the interests of the nation as a whole are to be placed above the interests of the individual states and regions |
| Sectionalism | the belief that one's own region an/or state is more important than the country as a whole |
| The American System | proposed by Henry Clay, nationalistic domestic policy in early 1800s; looked to implement several policies to unify the ocuntry; tariff to protect American industries, sale of gov't lands to raise money for the federal gov't maintenance of a national bank, and gov't funding of internal improvements or public projects |
| McCulloch v. Maryland | 1819; case involving the State of Maryland against the national gov't; Chief Justic John Marshall ruled in favor of national gov't; demonstrated nationalistic belief that the federal gov't is superior to the state gov'ts |
| Gibbons v. Odgen | 1824; case involving the State of Maryland against the national gov't; Chief Justice John Marshall ruled in favor of the national gov't; demonstrated nationalistic belief that the federal gov't is superior to the state gov'ts |
| "Era of Good Feelings" | James Monroe's presidency (1817-1825) economy grew rapidly, nationalism and optimism was widespread, diplomatic success |
| Rush-Bagot Treaty | 1818 treaty with Britain; nearly completely disarmed the eastern part of the border between the United States with British Canada; established a firm boundary between the two along with the 49th parallel |
| Adams-Onis Treaty | 1819 treaty with Spain; acquired Florida and established a firm boundary between the Louisiana Territory and Spanish territory to the west |
| Monroe Doctrine | 1823, the policy that stated that any European attempts to colonize the Americas would be viewed as a threat; the United States will not interfere with any European affairs and it expects European countries to stay out of US affairs |
| Missouri Compromise | 1820; Missouri admitted to the Union as a slave state and Maine was admitted as a free state; kept the balance of free states v. slave states in Congress; also banned slavery in the northern part of the Louisiana territory |
| What were the characteristics of the new American culture? | Constant motion and change, expectations of growth, new version of the English language, new arts, and literature |
| How did American art and literature change in the early 1800s? | Talented artists and writers began to depict and honor American life |
| How did nationalism influence domestic policy? | Rulings from the Supreme Court enhanced the power of the national government and the American system goals would further unify the country |
| Explain the importance of the key rulings of the Marshall Court in establishing national power. | They established the power of the national gov't over the states |
| How did nationalism guide foreign policy? | Treaties strengthened and expanded national boundaries; the Monroe Doctrine demanded Europe cease any new colonizing activity in the Americas. |
| Why did the United States issue the Monroe Doctrine? | European countries were thinking about retaking control of some of their former colonies; the US did not want that to happen, had recognized the new independent countries |
| Explain the difference between nationalism and sectionalism. | - |
| Why was the Missouri Compromise important? | It temporarily kept the balance between slave states and free states. |
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