Child Development Chp 1
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Created by:
luvindrgnfys on January 18, 2011
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17 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Child development | the field that involves the scientific study of the patterns of growth, change, and stability that occur from conception through adolescence |
| Physical development | development involving the body's physical makeup, including the brain, nervous system, muscles, and senses and the need for food, drink, and sleep |
| Cohort | a group of people born at around the same time in the same place |
| History graded influences | are biological and environmental influences associated with a particular historical moment. |
| Age-graded influences | are biological and environmental influences that are similar for individuals in a particular are group, regardless of when or where they were raised. IE: High school graduation |
| sociocultural-graded influences | include ethnicity, social class, subcultural membership, and other factors. IE: immigrant children vs. children born in the USA |
| Continuous change | gradual development in which achievements at one level build on those of previous levels |
| Discontinuous change | development that occurs in distinct steps or stages, with each stage bringing about behavior that is assumed to be qualitatively different from behavior at earlier stages. |
| critical periods | is a specific time during development when a particular event has its greatest consequences. IE: 11 wks vs. 30 wks. gestation and the impact of German measles |
| Sensitive period | is a time when organisms are particularly susceptible to certain kinds of stimuli in their environment. NOTE: it recognizes the plasticity of developing humans |
| Nature | refers to traits, abilities, and capacities that are inherited from one's parents |
| Nurture | refers to that environmental influences that shape behaviors |
| maturation | the process of predetermined unfolding of genetic information |
| plasticity | the degree to which a developing behavior or physical structure is modifiable |
| Cognitive development | development involving the ways that growth and change in intellectual capabilities influence a person's behavior |
| personality development | development involving the ways that the enduring characteristics that differentiate one person from another change over the life span |
| social development | the way in which individuals interactions with others and their social relationships grow, change,and remain stable over the course of life |
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