Biology Ch2 Review
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33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Ecology | the study of interactions that take place between organisms and their environment |
| Biosphere | the portion of earth that supports living things |
| Abiotic Factors | all nonliving parts of an organism's environment |
| Biotic Factors | all the living organisms that inhabit an environment |
| Population | a group of organisms, all of the same species, which interbreed and live in the same area at the same time |
| Biological Community | is made up of interacting populations in a certain area at a certain time |
| Ecosystem | made up of interacting populations in a biological community and the community's abioic factors |
| Terrestrial Ecosystems | ecosystems located on land |
| Habitat | the place where an organism lives out its life |
| Niche | all the strategies and adaptations a species uses in its enviornment, its purpose |
| Symbiosis | The relationship in which there is a close and permanent association between organisms of different species |
| Mutualism | both species benefit for the relationship, +,+ |
| Commensalism | a relationship in which one species benefits and the other neither benefits nor is harmed from it, +,0 |
| Parasitism | a relationship where one species dervies benefit at the expense of another species, +,- |
| Predation | where organisms seek out and eat other animals |
| Autotroph | An organism that uses light energy or energy stored in chemical compounds. also called the producer |
| Heterotroph | An organism that cannont make its own food and feeds on other organisms |
| Decomposers | break down complex compounds of dead and decaying plants an animals into simpler substances |
| Food Chain | a simple model that scientists use to show how matter and energy move through an ecosystem. |
| Trophic Level | each organism in a food chain represents a feeding step or .... |
| Food Web | shows all possible feeding relationships at each trophic level in a community |
| Biomass | the total weight of living matter at each trophic level. |
| Ecology | the study of plants and animals, including where they grow and live, what they eat, or what eats them is called__ |
| Herbivores | heterotrophs that only feed on plants |
| Carnivores | heterotrophs that eat other heterotrophs |
| Scavangers | heterotrophs that do not kill for food, rather they eat animals that have already died |
| Omnivore | heterotrophs that eat both plants and animals |
| food chains and food webs | How does energy and matter flow through ecosystems |
| only a portion of the first transfer | The amount of energy remaining in the final transfers is___ |
| Producers | a first order heterotroph is an organism that feeds on___ |
| first order heterotroph | a second order heterotroph is an organism that feeds on___ |
| ecological pyramid | a model to show the distribution of matter and energy within a community |
| total available energy in a community | The base of the ecological pyramid represents____ |
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