| Term | Definition |
|---|
| classification (taxonomy) | the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities |
| taxonomists | scientists that identify and name organisms |
| benefits of classifying | accurately and uniformly names organisms, prevents misnamers, use same language |
| latin or greek | languages used in classifying |
| Aristotle | the first taxonomist, divided organisms into plants and animals, subdivided them into groups according to where they lived (2000 years ago) |
| Carolus Linnaeus | 18th century taxonomist who classified organisms by structure and developed the named system called binomial nomenclature |
| binomial nomenclature | 2 name system (genus species) |
| taxon | a category into which related organisms are placed |
| domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, group, species | order of taxa from largest to smallest |
| eukarya | more complex division of domains |
| archaea | unicellular prokaryote w/ no nucleus or membarne bound organelles that live in harsh environments & may represent the first cells to evolve |
| eubacteria | unicellular prokaryote w/ no nucleus or membarne bound organelles that live in almost all habitats on earth and cause human disease |
| protista, fungi, plantae, animalia | divisions of domain eukarya |
| protista | unicellular, some are autotrophs while others are heterotrophic, has chlororplasts, has tail, has red eye-spot, contractile vacuoles, food vacuole |
| fungi | multicellular (except yeast), have cell walls, absorptive heterotrophs (digest food outside their body) |
| plantae | multicellular, autotrophic, photosynthesizing, cell wall made up of cellulose |
| animalia | multicellular, ingestive heterotrophs (consume food and digets inside the body), feed on plants and animals |
| homology | similarity between 2 anatomical structures from common origin, but doesn't matter what their function is |
| analogy | anatomical structures similar in function, but doen't matter who their ancestors were |
| derived character states | traits that make organisms different |
| ancestral character states | traits that are the same as the ancestor |
Combine with other sets
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