Chapter 2 Grade 6
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86 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Polytheism | belief in many gods |
| Scribe | professional writer |
| Mesopotamia | between the rivers |
| Myth | A story explaining people's beliefs |
| Fertile-Crescent | area good for agriculture |
| What attracted people to the Fertile -Crescent | rich soil |
| Why were the Sumerians sity-states independent of one another? | Because the travel between them was difficult. |
| Why was the Umarian ziggurat made of terraces, one on top of each other? | The Sumarians believed the gods could use it to descend to the earth or it was better for growing many kinds of crops. |
| What was the main cause of wars between the Sumerian citiy-states? | they fought over land and water rights. |
| Why were scribes important to the people in Sumer? | They kept records for the kings and priests. |
| When many territories and people are controlled by one government, that government is called... | empire |
| How were they able to trade goods between cities? | caravan |
| What types of things are sold at a bazaar? | cotton cloth and spices. |
| Who was the greatest king of the Chaldeans? | Nebuchadnezzar II |
| What is the capital of an empire that stretched from present-day Turkey to the Persian Gulf? | Babylon |
| What did the Assyrians use in the military? | battering ram. |
| Why was Babylon a natural crossroad of trade? | It was located between Akkad and the cities of Sumer. |
| Who united Sumer's city-states into one large empire? | Hammurabi |
| Which city was famous for its library that had thousands of clay tablets? | Nineveh |
| Which group made important contributions to astronomy? | Babylonians |
| King Hammurabi set down rules for everyone in his empire to follow...True or False? | True |
| Hammurabi's laws were called a code because they were written in a secret language...True or False? | False |
| Cuneiform was used only in writing government documents...True or False? | True |
| Under Hammurabi all people were equal before the law...True or False? | True |
| Cuneiform consists of symbols that can express ideas as well as the names of objects, people or places...True or False? | True |
| Which statement is true of the Hammurabi Code? a) it was illegal to write down the laws b)a person was guilty only if he or she broke a law on purpose c) The same laws applied to commoners and slaves d) everyone could know the punishement because it they were written | d) everyone could know the punishment because they were written |
| What kind of material did Babylonians scribes use for writing? clay, palm leaves, animal skins or papyrus? | clay |
| What did the Babylonian mathmeticians find a way of calculating? distance to the moon, the size of the earth, the areas of geometric shapes or the height of mountains. | The areas of geometric shapes. |
| The oldest known writing is, the cuneiform script, in the form of pictures, in Hammurabi's code or the Ten Commandments? | in the form of pictures. |
| Under Hammurabi's code, laws covered: adoption of children, everything except the practice of medicine, everything except the hiring of wagons or only fights between gentlemen and slaves? | the adoption of children. |
| How many laws were in the Hammarabis code? | 252 laws that were organized in different categories. |
| Who did the scribes write for? | the kings and the priests |
| What is the writing calles in Mesopatamia that combined groups of wedges and symbols and lines? | cuneiform |
| Groups of traders coming and going from palce to place is called? | caravan |
| Symbols for writing that represent sounds are called? | alphabet. |
| A time when people starve because there is so little food is called? | famine |
| The belief in only one god? | monotheism |
| A story about gods that explain people's beliefs | myth |
| Why did civilization develop in the Fertile-Crescent? a) the Nile River made it a prosperous area b) the area was difficult to defend c) the rivers there created very rich farmland | c) the rivers there created very rich farmland |
| Because the cities in Sumer were separated by long stretches of desert land a) they united under 1 government b) they developed into separate city-states c)they were ruled by one King and Queen d0 they were frequently destroyed by floods. | b) they developed into separate city-states |
| Why did Babylon become an important center of trade? | Because it was located between cities to the south and the north |
| In 612 b.c. the Medes and the Chaldeans joined forces for what reason? | To destroy the Assyrian empire. |
| Why was Hammarabis code so significant? | For the first time, laws were written down. |
| The Phoenician alphabet made it easier for the people in the ancient world to a) hire scribes, b) learn to read and write, c) teach cuneiform or d) learn cuneiform? | b) learn to read and write |
| One of the major events in the history of the Israelites was? | The conquest of Canaan |
| What were the Israelites known for that made them unique among ancient peoples? a) they worshiped one god b) they worshiped many gods c) they did not have a written bible d) they made purple dye from sand? | a)They worshiped one god. |
| Why did the Phenicia become a thriving and wealthy region? | Because they sold valuable wood and purple dye to neighboring peoples |
| Mesopatamia was located on land between... | The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers |
| The capital of Assaryia was | Nineveh |
| Where did the writing first develop? | Mesopotamia |
| What did the Babylonians and Israelites have in common? | They both lived according to a code of laws. |
| Who was the King of the New Babylonian Empire? | Nebuchadnezzar II |
| Assyria | A historical kingdom of northern Mesopotamia around the present day Iraq and Turkey. |
| Baul | a major god |
| Exile | to force somoene to live in another country. |
| What was the Phoenicians impact? | they became the world's first trading empire. They were a poor small area who became rich through trade in the Meditteranean. |
| Jerusalem | The capital city of Israel. Holy to Jews, Christians and Muslims. |
| Hammarabi Code laws received by what god? | the god Shamash |
| What does the code cover? | marriage, divorce, medicine, banking, military, farming, family, etc. |
| Who was the king of Babylonia? | Hammurabi |
| The hanging gardens | built high above grounds |
| Who was the King of Assyria? | King Sargon |
| What is a ziggurat? | A temple dedicated to the god of the city. Each city had one main god. A sumerian temple |
| Who were the first people to live in Mesopatamia? | Sumerians |
| Wher would you see the ziggurets? | In the Sumerians city-states. |
| Who was the king of the Israelites? | Baal |
| Which 2 groups of people got together to overthrow (take over) the Assyrians? | Medes and Chaldeans |
| Once the Medes and the Chaldeans took over Assyrians what empire was formed and who was the King? | The New Babylon was formed and the King was NeuchadnezzarII. He re-built Babylon which the Assyrians destroyed during their power. |
| What did the Phonecians trade? | wood, purple dye from snails, etc. |
| Why didn't the Phonecians like the cuneiform? What did they invent instead? | They thought the cuneiform was too complicated so they invented the alphabet with 22 symbols. |
| Israel | the northern kingdom of Jerusalem |
| Judah | the southern kingdom of Jerusalem |
| How did Phoenicia's location near the Meditteranean Sea affect its development | They looked out onto the Meditteranen Sea and saw all of the cities growing all around it. They did not have a lot of resources (things) so they traded the purple dye and the wood to neighboring people. As the trade grew the Phoenicia people looked to the sea to increase their profits. They would trade their goods for foods and animals from Africa and Europe. They would have huge bazaars with so many different things from faraway lands. |
| What is the capital of Assyria? | Ninervah |
| What were the Assyrians known for? | great warriors. Invented the battering ram and the chariots. also learners...The capital Ninervah had a huge library which helped people know about history. |
| What were the Babylonians known for? | Good warriors. Also great learners of Science, math, stars and the calendar. |
| Who over took the Israelites? | The Assyrians. |
| Did the Israelites believe in monotheism or polytheism? | monotheism |
| What is the major city of the Phonecia region? | Tyre |
| What is the way of life for the Phonecians? | Trading Empire |
| Major achievement of the Phonecians | developed the alphabet...easier than the cuneiform |
| When the Assyrians took over the Israelites, what did they do to the Israelite people? | They exiled them into distant parts of their empire. |
| Why was Babylon known for its center of trade? | It had cities to the north and south of them. So they had caravans and bazaars. |
| What is a hanging garden? | A palace that the New Babylonians built. |
| Who was the ruler of Assyria after King Sargon died? | King Shamshiad |
| Name the order in which the empires took place: | Sumerians, Babylonians, Israelites, Assyrians and the New Babylonian |
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