5 Written Questions

1. used to catch swordfish, tuna, sharks (surface), or halibut and cod (bottom). Large lines as long as 80 mi. with dangling hooks and bait. Has large bycatch.
2. management of several interacting species taking into account the predator-prey interactions
3. Since 1986, global system of ocean partially protected from human activities
4. foreign fishing vessels can take certain quotas (amounts) of fish from these water zones
5. small fish

5 Matching Questions

1. purse-seine fishing
2. fishprint
3. Maximum sustainable yield (MSY)
4. individual transfer rights (ITR)
5. optimum sustainable yield (OSY)

1. a takes into account the interaction between species when projecting the ideal number of fish that can be harvested from fish stocks without a population drop
2. b (traditional approach) model used to project the maximum number of fish that can be harvested annually from fish stocks without a population drop
3. c used to catch tuna, mackerel, anchovies, and herring. Encloses large schools of fish with an open net at the surface.
4. d the area of ocean needed to sustain the consumption of an average person, a nation, or the world
5. e Fishing owners have ownership to a specific percentage of total allowed catch (TAC) which can be bought, sold or lease as needed by the owners

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. Allows for the destruction of existing wetlands as long as an equal area of the same type of wetland is created or restored
   1. longlining
   2. drift-net fishing
   3. mitigation banking
   4. trawler fishing
2. form of coral reef restoration in which restored/repaired coral reefs are utilized for an economical advantage.
   1. eutrophication
   2. longlining
   3. reconciliation ecology
   4. mitigation banking
3. non-target species of fish that are caught through fishing techniques
   1. cichlid
   2. cetaceans
   3. bycatch
   4. HIPPCO
4. using large complex computer models to manage multi-species fisheries.
   1. large marine systems
   2. purse-seine fishing
   3. longlining
   4. watershed
5. Habitat loss and degradation, Invasive species, Population growth, Pollution, Climate change, Overfishing
   1. bycatch
   2. fishprint
   3. cichlid
   4. HIPPCO

5 True/False Questions

1. trawler fishing → used to catch specific fish species but can everything in its path. Large nets that hang from the surfaces to a depth of 50 ft and 40 mi long that drift for days before being retrieved.

   True        False

2. watershed → marine mammals ranging from 3 ft (porpoise) to 50-100 ft (blue whale)

   True        False

3. cetaceans → marine mammals ranging from 3 ft (porpoise) to 50-100 ft (blue whale)

   True        False

4. commercial extinction → no longer profitable to continue fishing the affected species of fish

   True        False

5. eutrophication → excessive introduction of nitrates and phosphates from fertilizers (plant nutrients)

   True        False