Mendelian Genetics
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18 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
genetics | The scientific study of heredity |
True-breeding | Plant lines that always produced offspring like themselves |
trait | specific characteristics |
hybrid | The offspring of a cross between true breeding parents with different traits |
genes | chemical factors determining traits |
alleles | different forms of genes |
principle of dominance | some alleles are dominant over others for a single trait |
principle of segregation | The separation of alleles for a single trait into different gametes |
gametes | sex cells, sperm and egg |
probability | the chance that a particular event will occur |
phenotype | the physical characteristics of an organism |
genotype | the actual alleles present within an organism |
punnett square | a tool used to predict probabilities |
Homozygous | having two identical alleles |
heterozygous | have two different alleles |
Incomplete Dominance | creates a blended phenotype; one allele is not completely dominant over the other |
Codominance | a condition in which both alleles for a gene are fully expressed |
Multiple Allels | three or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait. |
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