Biology Final
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50 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What is Biology? | Biology is the study of life. |
| What is reproduction? | Reproduction is the continuation of a species through the birthing of more organisms. |
| What is a species? | A species is a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. |
| What is an environment? | An environment is an organism's surroundings; air, water, weather, temperature, and other organisms. |
| What is stimulus? | Stimulus is a condition in the environment that causes an organism to adjust. |
| What are autotrophs? | Autotrophs are organisms that make their own food. |
| What are heterotrophs? | Heterotrophs are organisms that have to eat something, they don't make their own food. |
| What is evolution? | Evolution is the change in a species over time. |
| What is a hypothesis? | A hypothesis is an educated guess about something you've seen and recorded. |
| What is an atom? | An atom is a particle that maintains its physical and chemical properties. |
| What is a molecule? | Molecules are formed when two or more atoms bond together. |
| What is a macromolecule? | A macromolecule is a large molecule made by bonding two or more normal molecules together. |
| What is an organelle? | An organelle is an even bigger molecule; formed by two more or macromolecules. |
| What is a cell? | A cell is a collection of organelles functioning together. Every living thing is composed of cells. |
| What are tissues? | Tissues are collections of cells working together to perform specific jobs. |
| What language does the word "Biology" come from? | The word "Biology" comes from the Greek language. |
| What do "bios" and "logos" mean? | "Bios" means life, and "logos" means to study. |
| Name one characteristic of life. | Some characteristics of life are: Having an orderly structure. Producing offspring. Growing and developing. Adjusting to changes in the environment. |
| What is an organism? | An organism is anything that possesses all the characteristics of life. |
| What is the carrying capacity of an environment? | The carrying capacity is the number of organisms from one species that an environment can support indefinetly. |
| What is a life-history pattern? | A life-history pattern is an organism's pattern of reproduction; may be rapid or slow. |
| What are fluctuations in population growth? | Fluctuations in population growth are when a population's number repeatedly drops under and rises above the carrying capacity. |
| What is doubling time? | Doubling time is self explanetory; the time needed for a population to double in size. |
| What is demography? | Demography is the study of population characteristics such as growth rate, age structure, and geographic distribution. |
| What is population growth rate (PGR)? | PGR is an equation used to determine how fast a population is growing. |
| What is a community? | A community is a collection of several interacting populations that inhabit a common environment. |
| What are limiting factors? | Limiting factors are any biotic or abiotic factors that restricts an organism's ability to exist. |
| What is classification? | Classification is the grouping of objects or organisms based on a set of criteria. |
| What is taxonomy? | Taxonomy is identifying and classifying species based on natural relationships. |
| What are viruses composed of? | Viruses are composed of nucleic acids enclosed in a protein coat. |
| Are viruses living or non-living? | Viruses are considered to be non-living, because they don't exhibit all the characteristics of life. |
| How are viruses named now? | Viruses are named by a genus name followed by "virus", or by a code name. |
| How were viruses named in the past? | Viruses used to be named after the disease they caused or the organ they infected. |
| What's an example of a lysogenic virus? | Herpes Simplex I and II. Hepatitis B. Chicken Pox. Shingles. |
| What is replication? | Replication is a method of duplication of DNA or RNA. |
| What is lysis? | Lysis is the bursting of a cell. |
| What is exocytosis? | Exocytosis is the method by which materials are expelled from a cell. |
| What is a provirus? | A provirus is made when viral DNA is intergrated into a cell's chromosome. |
| What is the theory of spontaneous generation? | The theory of spontaneous generation is the belief that all life came about spontaneously. |
| What's one shape a bacteria comes in? | Bacteria come in three shapes; spheres, rods, and spirals. |
| What is one growth pattern of bacteria? | Three growth patterns of bacteria are; diplo, growth in pairs. Stahpylo, growth similar to grapes. And strepto, growth in chains. |
| How do you tell if a bacteria is gram-positive? | A bacteria is gram-positive if it turns purple when test solution is added to it. |
| How do you tell if a bacteria is gram-negative? | A bacteria is gram-negative if it turns pink when test solution is added to it. |
| What is binary fission? | Binary fission is asexal reproduction of a cell; when one cell splits into two cells. |
| What is conjugation? | Conjugation is sexual reproduction of a cell; one bacteria transfers all or part of its chromosome to another bacteria. |
| What are endospores? | Endospores are tiny structures that contain DNA. They're formed around a cell when it is faced with unfavorable conditions. |
| What is one non-harmful product made from bacteria? | A few examples of non-harmful products made from bacteria are cheese, yogurt, and medicine. |
| What is an herbivore? | An herbivore is an organism that only eats plants. |
| What is a carnivore? | A carnivore is an organism that only eats other organisms. |
| What is an omnivore? | An omnivore is an organism that eats both plants and animals. |
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