PHARMACOLOGY TERMS-WEEK 1 & 2
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39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 INOTROPIC INFUSIONS | INCREASE THE FORCE OF CARDIAC CONTRACTION. ADRENALINE,NORADRENALINE,DOPAMINE |
| VASOPRESSOR INFUSIONS | DRUGS THAT CAUSE VASOCONSTRICTION.ADRENALINE,EPINEPHRINE,EPHEDRINE,METHOXAMINE,PHENYLEPHRINE |
| ANTIARRHYTHMIC INFUSIONS | ... |
| ACE INHIBITORS | medications that slow (inhibit) the activity of the enzyme ACE, which decreases the production of angiotensin II. As a result, the blood vessels enlarge or dilate, and blood pressure is reduced. This lower blood pressure makes it easier for the heart to pump blood and can improve the function of a failing heart. In addition, the progression of kidney disease due to high blood pressure or diabetes is slowed. |
| ADENOSINE | acts to dilate the coronary arteries and is employed in the adenosine thallium scan of the heart. |
| WHAT ARE SOME ACE INHIBITORS? | benazepril (Lotensin), captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), fosinopril (Monopril),lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril) moexipril (Univasc), and perindopril(Aceon), quinapril (Accupril),ramipril (Altace),trandolapril (Mavik). |
| ATROPINE | A drug obtained from belladonna that is administered via injection, eye drops, or in oral form to relax muscles by inhibiting nerve responses. Used to dilate the pupils and as an antispasmodic |
| ANTI ARRHYTHMICS | used to suppress abnormal rhythms of the heart (cardiac arrhythmias), such as atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation |
| BETA BLOCKER | management of cardiac arrhythmias, cardioprotection after myocardial infarction[1] (heart attack), and hypertension.[2] As beta adrenergic receptor antagonists, they diminish the effects of epinephrine (adrenaline) and other stress hormones |
| WHAT ARE SOME BETA BLOCKERS? | Propranolol,Esmolol,Timolol,Metoprolol,Atenolol,Bisoprolol |
| CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS | decrease blood pressure in patients with hypertension, with particular efficacy in treating elderly patients.[2] Also, calcium channel blockers frequently are used to control heart rate, prevent cerebral vasospasm, and reduce chest pain due to angina pectoris.decrease the force of contraction of the myocardium (muscle of the heart). This is known as the negative inotropic effect |
| WHAT ARE SOME CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS | Verapamil,Diltiazem(CARDIZEM |
| DIGOXIN | increases the strength and vigor of heart contractions, and is useful in the treatment of heart failure.used for mild to moderate congestive heart failure and for treating an abnormal heart rhythm called atrial fibrillation. |
| MAGNESIUM SULFATE | administered intramuscularly and intravenously as an anticonvulsant and as a tocolytic agent (to halt premature labor), taken by mouth as a fast-acting laxative, and applied locally as an anti-inflammatory. Informally called mag sulfate. Also known as Epsom salt. |
| ADRENERGIC BRONCHODILATOR | "FAST ACTING" "RESCUE INHALER" |
| ALBUTEROL (PROVENTIL) | Proventil is a bronchodilator that relaxes muscles in the airways and increases air flow to the lungs.Proventil is used to treat or prevent bronchospasm in people with reversible obstructive airway disease. It is also used to prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm. |
| XANTHINE BRONCHODILATOR | A group of medications that work by a common mechanism to effect bronchodilation (open up air passages) in the lungs. Used in the treatment of asthma and related conditions. |
| AMINOPHYLLINE | a bronchodilator used to treat asthma and bronchitis and emphysema.........CALMS THE MUCOUS MEMBRANES SO THEY DO NO SWELL |
| EPINEPHRINE | adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster, stopping digestion, enlarging pupils, sending sugar into the bloodstream, preparing a blood clot faster |
| SYSTEMIC GLUCOCORTICOIDS | severe asthma (oral); Status asthmaticus (IV) (short-time course) Not bronchodilators life-saving in status asthmaticus Glucocorticoids have little effect on acute attacks, The most effective drugs for treatment of asthma, |
| METHYLPREDNISOLONE (SOLU-MEDROL) | Corticosteroid. anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressant agent in the treatment of a variety of diseases including those of hematologic, allergic, inflammatory, neoplastic, and autoimmune origin. |
| ANTIDYSRHYTHMIC | to treat disorders of cardiac rythm or arrythamias. They do not cure dysrhythmia, but they do attempt to restore normal cardiac function. |
| LIDOCAINE (XYLOCAINE) | An antiarrhythmic used to treat ventricular arrythmias or ventricular tachycardia; also used as a local anesthetic agent |
| NARCOTIC ANTAGONIST | an antagonist used to counteract the effects of narcotics (especially to counteract the depression of respiration) |
| NALOXONE (NARCAN) | drug that reverse effects of opiates, increases respirations, reverses sedative effect, causes withdrawal symptoms in addict, & eliminates analgesia. |
| TETANUS TOXOID | immunization that protects from the disease tetanus |
| IMMUNE GLOBULIN | Prepared someplace else, for use after exposure (hepatitis, or meningitis) rather than before. Not foolproof. These are for passive immunity, short term protection only. Examples are HBIG, RhoGAM, Gamma globulin. |
| VASODILATOR | a drug that causes dilation of the blood vessels, increasing blood flow |
| SODIUM NITROPRUSSIDE (NIPRIDE) | Drugs that dilate coronary BV while minimally dilating systemic vessels., Fastest Acting antihypertensive. Potent Venous and arterial vasodilator. AE: excessive hypotension, cyanide posioning |
| CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE (LIBRIUM) | -Antianxiety: Used to treat symptoms of acute alcohol withdrawl, anxiety, and panic disorder. Usual dosage is 25-200 mg/day -Side effects are: Lethargy, hangover, agranulocytosis |
| ANTIHISTAMINE | drug that helps prevent histamine from causing allergic reactions or cold symptoms |
| DIPHENHYDRAMINE (BENADRYL) | 1st generation oral antihistamine, Treat sneezing; runny nose, itching, watery eyes, hives, rashes itching and other symptoms of allergies and the common cold: suppress coughs to treat motion sickness, to include sleep and to treat mild forms of Parkinson's disease |
| IV BENZODIAZEPINES | enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which results in sedative, hypnotic (sleep-inducing), anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant and amnesic action.[2] These properties make benzodiazepines useful in treating anxiety, insomnia, agitation, seizures, muscle spasms, alcohol withdrawal and as a premedication for medical or dental procedures. |
| DIAZEPAM (VALIUM) | useful in relieving tension, anxiety, and muscle spasm; alcohol withdrawal (IV,IM, rectal) |
| SNAKE ANTIVENIN (ANTITOXIN) | biological product used in the treatment of venomous bites or stings |
| SYRUP OF IPECAC | Irritates gastric mucosa and stimulates vomit centers in the brain stem causing vomiting |
| FLUMAZENIL (ROMAZICON) | antidote for benzodiazepines., benzodiazapine antagonist - IV, quick acting, competitive antagonist + red. sedative affects, occ. given post-op to bring pt out of anesthesia |
| N-ACETYLCYSTEINE (MUCOMYST) | Antidote used for acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity |
| ACTIVATED CHARCOAL | A powder, usually pre-mixed with water, that will absorb some poisons and help prevent them from being absorbed by the body. |
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