| Term | Definition |
|---|
| tunics | the three coats that compose the walls of blood vessels |
| tunica intima | lines the lumen of a vessel, which is a single layer of endothelium. The cells fit closely together and form an extremely smooth blood vessel lining. |
| tunica media | bulky middle coat of the blood vessel made of smooth muscle and elastin |
| tunica externa | aka adventitia. the outermost coating of the blood vessel composed of areolar and fobrous connective tissue. It is supportive and protective |
| veins | thinner-walled blood vessels because they are far removed from the heart in the circulatory pathway, and are not subjected to pressure fluctuations like other blood vessels |
| aorta | largest artery of the body |
| right and left coronary arteries | supply the myocardium |
| Internal carotid artery | a division of the common carotid artery which serves the brain |
| External carotid artery | a division of the common carotid artery which supplies the extracranial tissues of the head and neck |
| Superficial temporal, facial, and occipital | arterial branches of the external carotid artery |
| vertebral artery | first branch of the subclavian vein which runs up the posterior neck to supply the cerebellum, part of the brain stem, and the posterior cerebral hemispheres |
| axillary artery | the subclavian artery that runs through the axilla and gives off several branches to the chest wall and shoulder girdle. |
| Anterior and Posterior Circumflex humeral Arteries | a branch of the axillary artery which supplies the shoulder and deltoid muscles |
| Brachial artery | become by the axillary artery at the inferior edge of the teres major muscle, as it enters the arm |
| Radial and Ulnar Arteries | the brachial artery divides and becomes these as it reaches the elbow and travels along the forearm to the hand. |
| Internal thoracic arteries | aka mammary arteries. They arise from the subclavian arteries that supply the mammary glands, most of the thorax wall, and anterior intercostal structures via the anterior intercostal artery and the pairs of posterior intercostal arteries |
| phrenic arteries | arteries that serve the diaphragm |
| esophageal arteries | arteries that serve the esophagus |
| bronchial arteries | arteries that serve the bronchi |
| pericardial arteries | arteries that serve other structures of the mediastinum |
| celiac trunk | an unpaired artery that subdivides almost immediately into three branches which continue on to serve the abdominal organs (the left gastric, splenic, and the common hepartic artery) |
| left gastric artery | artery which supplies the stomach, branched off the celiac trunk |
| splenic artery | artery which supplies the spleen, branch off the celiac trunk |
| common hepatic artery | artery which runs superiorly and gives off branches to the stomach (right gastric artery), duodenum, and pancreas |
| Gastroduodenal artery | artery which serves the liver, a branch off the common hepatic artery |
| hepatic artery | become after the gastroduodenal artery branches off of the common hepatic artery |
| gastroepiploic arteries | branches of the gastroduodenal and splenic arteries which serve the left (greater) curvature of the stomach |
| superior mesenteric artery | largest branch of the abdominal aorta, supplies most of the small intestine (via intestinal arteries) and the first half of the large intestine (via the ileocolic and colic arteries) |
| suprarenal arteries | run along the right and left of the superior mesenteric artery, They are tiny and serve the adrenal glands atop the kidneys. |
| renal arteries | paired arteries which supply the kidneys |
| gonadal arteries | ovarian and testicular arteries. arise from the ventral aortic surface just below the renal arteries and run inferiorly to serve the gonads |
| inferior mesenteric artery | the final branch of the abdominal aorta which supplies the distal half of the large intestine via several branches |
| lumbar arteries | four pairs of arteries that arise just below the inferior mesenteric artery from the posterolateral surface of the aorta to supply the posterior abdominal wall |
| common iliac arteries | two large arteries which are divisions of the descending aorta. They serve the pelvis, lower abdominal wall, and the lower limbs |
| internal iliac artery | a division of the common iliac artery which supplies the gluteal muscles, adductor muscles of the medial thigh, and the external genitalia and perineum. |
| external iliac artery | one of the two divisions of the common iliac artery that supplies the abdominal wall and the lower limb, the name changes as it continues into the thigh |
| femoral artery | become by the external iliac artery as it continuees into the thigh. Branches into the circumflex femoral arteries and deep femoral arteries |
| Circumflex femoral arteries | division of the femoral artery in the thigh which supplies the head and neck of the femur and the hamstring muscles |
| Deep femoral arteries | slightly lower than the circumflex femoral artery division, the femoral artery gives off this branch whih supplies the posterior thigh (knee flexor muscles). |
| popliteal artery | become by the femoral artery briefly after the circumflex and deep femoral arteries. It subdivides into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries |
| Anterior and Posterior Tibial arteries | subdivisions of the popliteal artery and supply the leg, ankle and foot |
| Fibular artery | supplied by the posterior tibial artery which serves the lateral calf (fibular muscles), and then further divides into arteries which supply the sole of the foot. |
| dorsalis pedis artery | supplied by the anterior tibial artery which supplies the dorsum of the foot and continues on to the metatarsus of the foot |
Combine with other sets
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