1.
4 c/s of chronic corneal DZ
(POVE): Pigment
Opacities
Vascularization
Edema
2.
Are corneal opacities, dystrophies, lipid keratopathy and corneal degeneration inflammatory or non-inflammatory?: Non-inflammatory
3.
Are dermoids, neonatal opacities, anomalies, PPM and microcornea examples of congenital or inflammatory diseases?: Congenital
4.
Attachment b/w iris and cornea: Anterior synechiae
5.
Can Pannus be cured?: No (just controlled)
6.
Corneal incisions heal to sufficient strength in ____: 19d
7.
DX: GSH or greyhounds.
NO ulceration
Increased STT
Normal IOP
Neovascularization, usually from lateral canthus: Pannus aka Chronic Superficial Keratitis
8.
Gold standard for DX bacterial infection on cornea: PCR
9.
How do you initially TX indolent ulcers? (TAD)
HINT: Use NSAIDs for large ulcers: Topical Abx
Atropine (cycloplegic for 3-5d)
Debridement (W/ LA and a q-tip -> Will appear larger at first!)
10.
How do you remove corneal bulla?: Thermokeratoplasty
11.
How do you TX a blind Pannus dog?: Keratectomy
12.
How do you TX Pannus?: 1% Predisolone acetate
.2% Cyclosporine (+/- dex)
(Topical immunosuppressives)
13.
If you have a positive Pseudomonal infection and there is no ulcer, how should you tx it?: 3rd eyelid flap
ecollar
ABx q1hr
14.
In a full thickness corneal wound, when do WBC migrate to the site of damage?: 30 min - 5hrs
15.
Liquifaction: malacia
16.
Middle to old aged (5-13yrs)
Dachshunds, Bostons, Chihuahuas
Slowly progressive corneal edema: Endothelial dystrophy
17.
Most common bacteria found on the feline cornea?: Gram + aerobic cocci
18.
Most common cause of FELINE corneal ulcers?: FHV-1
19.
Pertaining to tear production: lacrima
20.
Relating to cornea: kerato
21.
Tentative dx:
White half moon shaped thing ventrally in the cornea of an animal who has hypertriglyceridemia.: Lipid keratopathy
22.
There is no TX for corneal stromal dystrophy, but if the patient can't see what can you attempt?: keratectomy
23.
What 2 broad spectrum abx do you use for feline corneal ulcers?: Ciprofloxacin
Chloramphenicol
24.
What 2 things can an endothelial dystrophy lead to?: Bullous keratopathy
Corneal ulcers
25.
What 2 types of procedures TX refractory (2-3 debridements) indolent ulcers?: Grid
Punctate keratotomy
26.
What 3 topicals do you use to tx gram + cocci and rods on feline corneal ulcers?: Azithromycin
Bacitracin
Erythromycin
27.
What abx are usually used to TX Pseudomonas infections?: Ciprofloxacin
Tobramycin
28.
What anti-collagenolytics are used to TX melting corneal ulcers? (ASAN): Acetylcysteine
Serum
Atropine
NSAIDS (Topical and systemic)
29.
What are the 2 categories of corneal disorders?: Ulcerative and non-ulcerative
30.
What are the 3 components to tear film: Lipid - Meibomian glands
Aqueous - lacrimal gland
Mucin - Goblet cells
31.
What causes Pannus?: Immune mediated reaction to cornea
32.
What could happen to the cornea if the facial nerve (Cr. nn VII) were damaged?: Exposure keratitis (Possible ulceration)
33.
What increases the likelihood of Pannus?: UV light
34.
What is a common sequelae of a FHV-1 infection in a cat?: Bacterial infection
Stromal keratitis (Hazy cornea, vascularization)
35.
What is a superficial ulcer that is reluctant to heal aka a Spontaneous Chronic Corneal Epithelial Defect?: Indolent ulcer
36.
What is an emergency situation corneal degeneration also known as?: Melting corneal ulcer
37.
What is deposited within the cornea in corneal stromal dystrophy?: Crystalline (Lipid material from fibroblast death)
38.
What is the turnover time for epithelium during healing of a corneal ulcer?
Basically, when would you expect a simple ulcer to resolve by?: 7d
39.
What is your tentative dx?
White corneal opacities
All other ophthalmic tests WNL: Corneal stromal dystrophy
40.
What nerve innervates the cornea?
Sensory function to epithelial layer and stroma.: Trigeminal (Cr nn. V, ophthalmic branch)
41.
What three things do you do initially to DX and TX a melting corneal ulcer?: C&S
Cytology
Q1hr ABx (based off gram stain)
42.
What topical antivirals are used to TX FHV-1 infections that don't spontaneously regress?: Trifluridine
Idoxuridine
43.
Which systemic antiviral is used againts FHV-1?: Famciclovir
44.
Within how long will you see epithelial mitosis after a corneal ulcer?
-Endothelial sliding: Spreads over ulcer
-Activated pump -> corneal clarity: 24hrs
45.
You can, with a qtip, debride corneal ulcers from FHV-1, but what should you avoid doing?: Grid keratotomies
