5 Written Questions

1. are carrier proteins which can move two substances the same direction across the plasma membrane using the concentration gradient of one of the two substances.
2. uses energy stored in an ionic concentration gradient to move substances against their concentration gradients.
3. is the process by which tiny droplets of extracellular fluid are taken into a cell; no receptor proteins are involved and all the solutes in the extracellular fluid are brought into the cell.
4. A difference in the concentration of a chemical from one side of the plasma membrane to the other side is called a
5. is a process in which the solute binds to a carrier protein to move down its concentration gradient and the protein changes shape to move the solute into or out of the cell.

5 Matching Questions

1. transfer vesicles
2. simple diffusion
3. transcription
4. cytosol
5. cilia

1. a is a passive process in which substances move freely through the lipid bilayer without the help of membrane transport proteins.
2. b is the fluid portion of the cytoplasm containing water, dissolved solutes and suspended particles
3. c They bud from the edges of the cisternae of the Golgi complex; they function to move enzymes back toward the entry face of the Golgi complex and to move proteins toward the exit face.
4. d numerous, short, hairlike projections that extend from the surfaces of cells and function to move fluids and mucous along the apical surfaces of the cells.
5. e the copying of the DNA sequence of base triplets from one strand of the DNA to form one of 3 types of RNA; this process occurs in the nucleus.

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. is a form of endocytosis in which the cell engulfs large solid particles such as worn-out cells, whole bacteria or viruses.
   1. cytosol
   2. osmosis
   3. hemolysis
   4. phagocytosis
2. Proteins with carbohydrate groups attached to the end of the protein which protrudes into the extracellular fluid are
   1. glycoproteins
   2. aquaporins
   3. antiporters
   4. chromatids
3. A cell's flexible selectively-permeable outer surface is its
   1. impermeable
   2. plasma membrane
   3. transfer RNA
   4. anaphase
4. process that moves materials into a cell in a vesicle formed from the plasma membrane.
   1. phagocytosis
   2. exocytosis
   3. endocytosis
   4. transcytosis
5. Macrophages and neutrophils are the two main types of .
   1. cell cycle
   2. chromosome
   3. anaphase
   4. phagocyte

5 True/False Questions

1. anaphase → the phase in which the chromatin fibers condense and shorten into chromatids which are identical and held together by a centromere; late in this phase, the centrosomes begin the formation of the mitotic spindle; the nucleolus disappears and the nuclear envelope breaks down.

   True        False

2. metaphase → During this the spindle microtubules align the chromatid pairs at the exact center of the mitotic spindle.

   True        False

3. transmembrane proteins → They carry processed proteins from the exit face of the Golgi complex to the plasma membrane for incorporation into the plasma membrane itself.

   True        False

4. hemolysis → process that moves materials out of a cell by fusion of a vesicle with the plasma membrane.

   True        False

5. primary active transport → is the process in which some solutes, which must enter or leave cells against their concentration gradients, can be moved by use of ATP specifically for energy by the cell.

   True        False