5 Written Questions

1. Johnson's plan that restored rights the of white southerner who took an oath of loyalty and gave amnesty to Confederate leaders
2. The law that put southern states under US military control and required them to draft new constitutions upholding the 14th amendment. A period of radical reconstruction.
3. Guaranteed "equal protection of the laws" to all citizens, regardless of race.
4. 1866 - enacted by radical congress - forbade president from removing civil officers without senatorial consent - was to prevent Johnson from removing a radical republican from his cabinet
5. the granting of pardon to a large number of persons; protection from prosecution for an illegal act.

5 Matching Questions

1. literacy test
2. Edwin Stanton
3. Wade-Davis Bill
4. Radical Republicans
5. black codes

1. a Secretary of War appointed by Lincoln. President Andrew Johnson dismissed him in spite of the Tenure of Office Act, and as a result, Congress wanted Johnson's impeachment.
2. b Republicans in Congress who sought to use federal power to ensure equal treatment under the law for all races through Reconstruction. Hated President Johnson's willingness to compromise with conservative southerners. Leading figures were Sen. Charles Sumner, Rep. Thaddeus Stevens.
3. c Set of laws passed by southern states after the Civil War. In effect until 1866, when Civil Rights Act nullified them. Gave freed slaves some new rights such as right to marry. Mainly restricted rights of freed slaves to move, own property, and choose employer. Often confused with Jim Crow laws, which dealt mainly with social segregation.
4. d a method used to prevent African Americans from voting by requiring prospective voters to read and write at a specified level.
5. e 1864 Proposed far more demanding and stringent terms for reconstruction; required 50% of the voters of a state to take the loyalty oath and permitted only non-confederates to vote for a new state constitution; Lincoln refused to sign the bill, pocket vetoing it after Congress adjourned.

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. U.S. president 1873-1877. He led a corrupt administration, consisting of friends and relatives. Although Grant was personally a very honest and moral man, his administration was considered the most corrupt the U.S. had had at that time.
   1. Blanche K. Bruce
   2. integrate
   3. Ulysses S. Grant
   4. Amnesty Act
2. an African American who served in the Senate representing Mississippi, he was the nation's first black senator in 1870, he completed the unfinished term of former Confederate president, Jefferson Davis
   1. impeach
   2. Jim Crow Laws
   3. Hiram Revels
   4. radical
3. Disparaging southern term for supporters of Republican Party. Often subjected to insults and violence from southern Democrats. Some genuinely wanted to help blacks; many merely supported Republicans because they wanted to industrialize South.
   1. 10% Plan
   2. radical
   3. poll tax
   4. scalawag
4. Secret white supremacist terrorist organization. Attacked blacks, Republicans, northerners, foreigners, Catholics, Jews in South. Blacks especially targeted for success or for trying to vote. Destroyed after Ku Klux Klan Act of 1871; recreated in twentieth century.
   1. Jim Crow Laws
   2. Ku Klux Klan
   3. 10% Plan
   4. poll tax
5. Republican President of the United States. Fought in Civil War; supported Radical Reconstruction while in Congress. Elected as part of the Compromise of 1877. Withdrew federal troops from South (thus ending Reconstruction), 1877
   1. Jim Crow Laws
   2. integrate
   3. Rutherford B. Hayes
   4. literacy test

5 True/False Questions

1. carpetbagger → Disparaging southern term for northerners who moved into positions of authority in South during Reconstruction. Often were Union officers trying to make profit. Some had genuinely altruistic motives; some just wanted to get rich; most in between.

   True        False

2. override → to end separation of different races and bring into equal membership in society.

   True        False

3. Election of 1876 → After close election resulted in Electoral College deadlock, Democrats agreed to allow Republican Rutherford B. Hayes assume presidency in exchange for promise by Republicans to withdraw Federal troops from South. Marked end of Reconstruction.

   True        False

4. Plessy v. Ferguson → Supreme Court case that cleared the way for state lawmakers to enforce racial segregation. Court upheld Louisiana law that required "separate but equal" facilities for blacks

   True        False

5. impeach → to formally charge a public official with misconduct in office.

   True        False