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Mercantilism this became the dominant economic philosophy of Renaissance and early modern Europe Renaissance from the french word "Rebirth" best growth era of the ancient world Humanism was the philosophy of the Renaissance Humanities grammar, rhetoric, history and poetry Sonnets structured poem Renaissance Man the idea of having knowledge in many fields was prominent in the Renaissance Frescoes paintings on wet plaster "Machiavellian" a term we use today to describe this attitude in a politician Utopia Sir Thomas More's most famous work in which he describe the prefect society Henry VIII Hans Holbien the Younger's most famous work Travels of Marco Polo Marco Polo wrote this book after he took a 20 year long expedition. This book inspired Columbus Woodcuts a print made form wooden block engraved with a picture Joint-stock company these were created so on one investor took all the risk or got all the profit Astrolab device to find latitude San Salvador Columbus's first accidental stop in the New World (means Holy Savior) Treaty of Tordesillas to prevent the Portuguese and Spanish rivalry, Pope Alexander VI divided the "world" in 1494. The other name for this is the Papal Line of Demarcation Circumnavigate to travel around Mona Lisa Leonardo de Vinci's most famous piece of art Columbian Exchange new products, animals, food,s and diseases were exchanged from the old world to the new world and vise versa Last Supper Leonardo de Vinci painted this fresco which is now decaying on a church wall Medici supported Michelangelo in Florence Petrarch best known writer of the Renaissance, born in 1304. Wrote popular love sonnets in Italian Machiavelli lived in the 1500s. Most famous work is called "The Prince". Today we use the term "Machiavellian" to describe this attitude in a politician Leonardo de Vinci famous artist, only 15 paintings still exist, Mona Lisa, Lord's Supper Michelangelo painter, sculptor, architect, and poet. Preferred sculpting but everyone wanted him to paint. Pope Julius II wanted him to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. 3 famous sculptors: David, Moses, and the Pieta Erasmus a Dutch priest, the greatest humanist of northern Europe. He published a Greek New Testament he wrote against superstitions of the Middle Ages in his In Praise of Folly. Sir Thomas More a friend of Eramus. His most famous work was "Utopia" in which he described the "prefect" society. Was imprisoned in the Tower of London and executed for not accepting King Henry VIII's 2nd marriage. Johann Gutenberg first to move metal, moveable type to print books in Europe. Hans Holbein a German who did portraits of famous people, his most famous work was Henry VII Marco Polo visited China in the 1300s with his uncle and brother, from Venice. Wrote a book called Travels of Marco Polo Henry the Navigator wanted to spread Catholic faith throughout Africa. Established a school where sailors learned navigation and shipbuilding. Vasco Da Gama greatest Portuguese explorer; in 1498 sailed around the Cape of Good Hope, went to India and back, his cargo was worth 60x the cost of the voyage Columbus he believed that is you traveled west you would reach India. Was the first to travel to the New World and record his travels. Mistook the natives there as actual Inidians. Amerigo Vespucci an Italian who sailed for Spain. One of the first to believe in the New World. A German geographer named it after the Latin form of his first name America. Magellan A Portuguese who sailed for Spain. In 1519 he left Spain with 5 ships and 243 men. Sailed around South America and India. Strait of Magellan was named after him. Only one ship, the Victoria, completed the voyage with 18 men. Was later killed. Bartolome de las Casas a Spanish priest who became famous for defending the natives in the new world and improved their treatment. He said Jesus died for them. Florence in Italy. The center of art in the Renaissance Flanders center of art Italy Renaissance began her in the 1300s and ended around 1650 in England. Sistine Chapel Pope Julius II painted the ceiling here Tower of London in London, Sir Thomas More was imprisoned here Ottoman Empire conquered Constantinople in 1453 and controlled the traditional trade routs to the East Venice was one of the places the Renassiance grew Goa and Macao in China, Portuguese colonies grew here San Salvador first place Columbus landed at accidently, mean Holy Savior Strait of Magellan named after Magellan after he discovered it Philippines Magellan was killed here What are some reasons why scholars doubt Marco Polo's story? Because in his book he didn't include the Great Wall of China, or the tea drinking ceremony, or the practice of foot binding and there is no documented evidence that he traveled there Give 6 significant examples of the "Columbian Exchange". Potatoes, tomatoes, beans, corn, cacao, horses and cattle were brought to America from Spain. Smallpox and measles were brought back to the old world What are three reasons why the Renaissance began in Italy? 1. Center of the roman catholic church. 2. Center of trade in the Mediterranean world. 3. Center of the old roman empire. Name 3 great sculptures of Michelangelo. David, Moses, and the Pieta What impact did the printing press have on the Renaissance? the first book printed from it was the Bible in Latin Why did De Las Casas try to protect the Indians? He believed that we are all the same and that Jesus died for all of us What do Renaissance thinkers believe about the roles of the current life and the after life? They think the current life is the same as the after life What was the impact of disease in the New World? Smallpox and measles were brought to the new world and the natives weren't used to these diseases and many died