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adeptus, adepta, adeptum having received, having obtained amor, amoris, m. love aureus, aurea, aureum golden, made of gold avide eagerly caelum, caeli, n. sky decipio, decipere, decepi, deceptus deceive, trick dirus, dira, dirum dreadful, awful dissentio, dissentire, dissensi disagree eligo, eligere, elegi, electus choose exitium, exitii, n. ruin, destruction fundo, fundere, fudi, fusus pour hostis, hostis, m. enemy iacto, iactare, iactavi, iactatus throw incipio, incipere, incepi, inceptus begin ingressus, ingressa, ingressum having entered inicio, inicere, inieci, iniectus throw in lacrima, lacrimae, f. tear minimus, minima, minimum very little, least molestus, molesta, molestum troublesome moneo, monere, monui, monitus warn, advise parco, parcere, peperci (+DAT) spare precatus, precata, precatum having prayed (to) prudentia, prudentiae, f. prudence, good sense quantus, quanta, quantum how big quo modo? how? tardus, tarda, tardum late tutus, tuta, tutum safe verbum, verbi, n. word virtus, virtutis, f. courage vito, vitare, vitavi, vitatus avoid What have been recovered from the spring at where? Thousands of offerings, Aquae Sulis What do these findings indicate about people? That the people were anxious to use the powers of the gods for unpleasant purposes What did they believe it was possible to do? dedicate an enemy to the gods of the Underworld What do archaeologists sometimes find when Roman religious sites are excavated? Small sheets of lead or pewter inscribed with curses What are the tablets with curses known as?? Defixiones or curse tablets What do these curses call for? punishment of an enemy How many curses have been found? 300+ Where have the curses been found? Britain What kind of formula was followed for putting a curse on someone? general What was written? name and details of crime What happened after the writing? dedicated to god If the name of the offender was unknown, what would be written? list of suspects What happened to the tablet after everything? fastened to tomb or thrown in well or spring How many curse tablets were found in the spring at Aquae Sulis? 90 How were many curses written? backwards Why were they written like this? mystery of process What words were added? magical meaningless words bescu Who was Charon? ferryman of underworld How did the Romans see their gods? allies in lifes struggles present -ing Imperfect "ba" was -ing Perfect erunt -ed pluperfect era had-ed imperative /re, -te Present active ns/nt; -ing perfect passive -ed perfect active having -ed locutus having spoken ingressus having entered precatus having prayed adeptus having obtained conspicatus having caught sight of