1.
Ad hominum: Using a person's personal beliefs or background in an argument
2.
Allegory: Representation of abstract ideas through characters, etc (Ex: The Scarlet Letter)
3.
Alliteration: Stressed syllables at the beginning of a word
4.
Allusion: Implying biblical or historic events
5.
Anadiplosis: Repetition of the last word or phrase and then adding it to the beginning (Ex: He was sad because of her. Because of her, he ate a lot)
6.
Analogy: A comparisson; "this is like this because"
7.
Anaphora: Repetition of verses at the beginning (Ex: Of all the......Of all the....)
8.
Anecdote: A short story
9.
Antithesis: A figure of speech characterized by strongly contrasting words or ideas
10.
Aphorism: A short life-lesson through striking logic or imagery
11.
Apostrophe: Addressing a person who is not there or addressing an abstraction (Ex: Oh mighty death!)
12.
Asyndeton: Not using conjunctions (and, but) for a hurried effect
13.
Cacophony: Non-pleasant sounds
14.
Chiasmus: A figure of speech by which the order of the terms in the first of two parallel clauses is reversed in the second (Ex: It's not the men in my life, it's the life of my men")
15.
Cliché: An overused expression
16.
Colloquialism: Depending on the audience, does it work to use slang?
17.
Conceit: Extended and complex metaphor; usually a suprising comparisson that creates an effect of being random
18.
Connotation: The implied definition in a different context
19.
Cumulative Sentence: Independent clause (Ex: Talking about writing and then stating that you are writing at a table)
20.
Denotation: The literal, dictionary definition of a word
21.
Detail: Precise facts
22.
Diction: Word choice
23.
Didactic: Instructed to teach a moral; used to describe tone and style
24.
Ellipsis: Excluding a word (Ex: .... )
25.
Epiphany: A sudden realization of nature or meaning of something
26.
Epistrophe: Repetition of a word at the end of successive clauses or successes)
27.
Ethos: Pertaining to the writer, know the background and limitations of the writer
28.
Euphemism: An expression used to make something seem less offensive
29.
Euphony: Pleasant sounds
30.
Figurative Language: Decribing something by comparing it to something else (not simile/metaphor)
31.
Genre: Class or category
32.
Homily: A sermon, parable, or discourse in religion
33.
Hyperbole: An excessive exaggeration
34.
Imagery: Vivid word choice to illustrate
35.
Irony: Using a word to convey the opposite meaning of a word
36.
Logos: Purpose, logic, facts, examples
37.
Loose sentence: In which the main idea comes first in each phrase; the following is usually structurally the same
38.
Metaphor: A comparisson between two unlike objects
39.
Metonymy: A type of metaphor in which something closely relative is associated with a subject substituted for it (Ex: The crown stands for the king)
40.
Motif: A reoccuring theme
41.
Non sequitur: Random expression or going off topic
42.
Onomatopoeia: Making up word, such as sounds
43.
Oxymoron: A witty paradoxical saying (Ex: Jumbo shrimp)
44.
Pacing: The consisten timing of a piece
45.
Paradox: A self-contradictory and not necessarily true statement
46.
Paralipsis: A kind of irony in which the speak proposes to not speak of a matter, but still somehow reveal it (Ex: Pay no attention to that man behind the curtain! --Wizard of Oz)
47.
Parallelism: When the writer establishes similar patterns of grammatical structure and length
48.
Parody: A text that immitates the style of a work for a comedic effect
49.
Pathos: Pertaining to the audience, to make conscious choices based on the audience
50.
Pedantic: An overly scholarly phrase
51.
Periodic Sentence: A sentence that is not grammatically complete until the final clause or phrase
52.
Personification: Giving non-human things human characteristics
53.
Point of View: The perspective
54.
Polysyndeton: Overusing conjunctions (and, but) for either a hurried effect or slow effect
55.
Pun: A play on words
56.
Repetition: Repeating
57.
Rhetorical Question: To ask a question but not expect an answer
58.
Sarcasm: Sharply ironic tone
59.
Satire: Used to attack human feelings through wit and modesty
60.
Shift: When there is a different from one part of the work from the other; is often abrupt (ex: from funny to serious)
61.
Simile: Comparisson using like or as
62.
Syllepsis: A word that modifies two objects (Ex: He carries my heart and my books)
63.
Syllogism: Logic (Ex: If A = B and B = C, then A = C)
64.
Synaethesia: Mixing one type of sensory input with another in an impossible way (Ex: speaking about how a color sounds)
65.
Synecdoche: A part which stands for a whole (Ex: Genus to species)
66.
Syntax: Sentence Structure
67.
Tautology: A statement that is always true (Ex: Frozen ice)
68.
Tone: Examples of this are a sarcastic, sad, happy, indifferent, or an apologetic voice
69.
Understatement: A kind of irony where stating something in terms that make it seem less important; enhances the quality of what was said
