| Term | Definition |
| eukaryote | organism made up of cells with nuclei |
| organelle | small structure that performs a specialized function in the cell |
| lysosome | saclike membrane filled with chemicals and enzymes that can break down almost any substance within the cell |
| endoplasmic reticulum | network of membranes within a cell that process and transport proteins and other macromolecules |
| Golgi apparatus | network of membranes within a cell that in conjunction with ER processes and transports proteins and other |
| chromosome | structure in the nucleus of a cell which contains area in a cell outside of the nucleus |
| nucleus | structure that contains nearly all the cell's DNA |
| prokaryote | organism that does not contain nuclei |
| ribosomes | small particles in cell that are made of RNA and protein, sites of protein assembly |
| vacuole | saclike structure that stores materials such as proteins, fats and carbohydrates in animals and water and dissolved salts in plant cells. |
| chloroplast | organelle found in plants and certain algae; harvest energy of sunlight |
| cytoskeleton | supporting framework of eukaryotic cell |
| mitochondria | organelle found in cells that produces energy from a chemical fuel and oxygen |