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Conceit a fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects-love to a flea Litotes understatement for rhetorical effect (especially when expressing an affirmative by negating its contrary) Pedantic An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish.- Semantics The branch of linguistics that studies that meaning of words, their historical and psychological development, their connotations, and their relation to one another. Aphorism a terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or a moral principle Caricture A verbal description, the purpose of which is to exaggerate or distort for effect homily This term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice. hyperbole willful and prrposeful exaggeration for effect Invective an emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language Wit intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights Discursive wandering from topic to topic Hackneyed cliched, worn out by overuse Laconic of few words Garrulous the antonym of laconic, yacky, of many words Virisimilitudes True to life, life-likeness Jeremiad prolonged complaint; angry or cautionary harangue; lamentation Bilious of or indicative of peevish, ill-natured disposition (personality); sickeningly unpleasent -acting or appearing, as in a bilious color Secular of or relating to the worldly or temporal; not overty religious Apocryphal of dubious authenticity; fictitious; spurious Disparate Containing or made up of fundamentally different and often incongruous elements Parochial limited in range or scope, narrow, provincial- comes from the term for church parish Moribund 1)being in a state of dying or approaching death 2)being in a state of inactivity Prattle Trifling or empty talk; meaningless, repetative, and suggestive of the chatter of childeren Ad nauseam to a sickening or excessive degree Perspicuity Plain to the understanding, especially because of clarity and precision, i.e., perspicuous argument (trasparent to understanding)- per= through, spic= see Repartee a swift, witty reply; conversation full of such remarks; skill in making such replies or conversation Doggerel adj. Comic or burlesque, loose or irregular in measure if poetry, crude, poor Meretricious 1)Alluring by a show of flashy or vulgar attractions; tawdry 2)Based on pretense deception, or insincerity Ineffable inexpressible in words Importunate 1) troublesomely urgent- importunate creditors Malefeasance wrong doing or bad conduct by a public official Prodigal extravagantly and recklessly wasteful Abject 1)utterly hopeless, miserable, humiliating, or wretched 2)contemptible; despicable; base-spirited Temerity rashness, reckless boldness Moot 1) open to discussion or debate 2)of little or no practical value or meaning 3)Chiefly Law, not actual; theoretical; hypothetical Deprecate 1) to express ernest dissaproval of 2)to protest against 3) to depreciate; belittle Formidable 1) causing fear, apprehension, or dread 2)of discouraging or awesome strength Commodious 1) spacious and convienient; roomy: a commodious apartment 2) ample or adequate for a particular purpose: a commodious harbor Carapace 1)a bony or chitinous case or shield covering the back or part of the back of an animal (shell of a crab) 2) figuratively: any barrier that serves to protect if not hide Rhetoric the art of speaking or writing effectively Ethos Apeal based on character Logos Appeal based on logic Pathos Appeal based on emotion Visual appeals in written text Rhetorical Appeals in written text achieved through: vissual informations structure, color, graphic images Paraprosdokian Surprise or unexpected change of a well-known phrase, such as an idiom or epigram: but for the grace of God goes man-Churchill Cataloging using a long list for effect Anaphora the deliberate repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of several successive verses, clauses, or paragraphs Epistrophe Figure of repetition that occurs when the last word or set of words in one sentence, clause, or phrase is repeated one or more times at the end of successive sentences, clauses, or phrases. (forms the counter-part to anaphora) Anadiplosis repeats the last word of one phrase, clause, or sentence at or very near the beginning of the next. It can be generated in series for the sake of beauty or to give a sense of logical progression Climaxing A series that builds in importance, intensity, strength...for effect Cognitive Dissonance unpleasant mental experience of tension resulting from two conflicting thoughts or beliefs Antithesis establishes a clear contrasting relationship between ideas by joining them together or justaposing them, often in parralle structure- to err is humman; to forgive is devine-Pope Enthymene An unstated argument, and informally stated syllogism with an implied premise Polysyndeton the repetition of conjunctions in a series of coordinate words, phrases, or clauses honorific a title phrase, or grammatical form conveying respect, used expecially when addressing a social superior. periodic sentance presents it's main clause at the end of a sentence (found at AP scores) loose sentence a type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses Polemic A controversial argument, especially one refuting or attacking a specific opinion or doctrine- or a person who argues in opposition to another Apologist a person who speaks in defense of a person, an idea, or a position (particularly an unpopular one) to posit to lay down or assume as a fact or principle; postulate bon mot clever turn of phrase Chiaroscuro The arrangement of light and dark; darkness and light together. diatribe A bitter, abusive denunciation screed A long critical or essay, esp. a diatribe. Synesthesia describing one kind of sensation in terms of another ("a loud color", "a sweet sound") Apostrophe a figure of speech in which one directly addresses an absent or imaginary person, or some abstraction Epistolary written in the form of or carried on by letters or correspondence Asyndeton When the conjunctions (such as "and" or "but") that would normally connect a string of words, phrases, or clauses are omitted from a sentence